TY - JOUR
T1 - β-adrenergic receptor responsiveness in aging heart and clinical implications
AU - Ferrara, Nicola
AU - Komici, Klara
AU - Corbi, Graziamaria
AU - Pagano, Gennaro
AU - Furgi, Giuseppe
AU - Rengo, Carlo
AU - Femminella, Grazia D.
AU - Leosco, Dario
AU - Bonaduce, Domenico
PY - 2014
Y1 - 2014
N2 - Elderly healthy individuals have a reduced exercise tolerance and a decreased left ventricle inotropic reserve related to increased vascular afterload, arterial-ventricular load mismatching, physical deconditioning and impaired autonomic regulation (the so called "β-adrenergic desensitization"). Adrenergic responsiveness is altered with aging and the age-related changes are limited to the β-adrenergic receptor density reduction and to the β-adrenoceptor-G-protein(s)-adenylyl cyclase system abnormalities, while the type and level of abnormalities change with species and tissues. Epidemiological studies have shown an high incidence and prevalence of heart failure in the elderly and a great body of evidence correlate the changes of β-adrenergic system with heart failure pathogenesis. In particular it is well known that: (a) levels of cathecolamines are directly correlated with mortality and functional status in heart failure, (b) β1-adrenergic receptor subtype is down-regulated in heart failure, (c) heart failure-dependent cardiac adrenergic responsiveness reduction is related to changes in G proteins activity. In this review we focus on the cardiovascular β-adrenergic changes involvement in the aging process and on similarities and differences between aging heart and heart failure.
AB - Elderly healthy individuals have a reduced exercise tolerance and a decreased left ventricle inotropic reserve related to increased vascular afterload, arterial-ventricular load mismatching, physical deconditioning and impaired autonomic regulation (the so called "β-adrenergic desensitization"). Adrenergic responsiveness is altered with aging and the age-related changes are limited to the β-adrenergic receptor density reduction and to the β-adrenoceptor-G-protein(s)-adenylyl cyclase system abnormalities, while the type and level of abnormalities change with species and tissues. Epidemiological studies have shown an high incidence and prevalence of heart failure in the elderly and a great body of evidence correlate the changes of β-adrenergic system with heart failure pathogenesis. In particular it is well known that: (a) levels of cathecolamines are directly correlated with mortality and functional status in heart failure, (b) β1-adrenergic receptor subtype is down-regulated in heart failure, (c) heart failure-dependent cardiac adrenergic responsiveness reduction is related to changes in G proteins activity. In this review we focus on the cardiovascular β-adrenergic changes involvement in the aging process and on similarities and differences between aging heart and heart failure.
KW - β-adrenergic receptors
KW - β-adrenoceptor desensitization
KW - β-adrenoceptor down-regulation
KW - Aging heart
KW - Exercise
KW - Failing heart
KW - G-protein coupled receptor kinase
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U2 - 10.3389/fphys.2013.00396
DO - 10.3389/fphys.2013.00396
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84893597436
VL - 4 JAN
JO - Frontiers in Physiology
JF - Frontiers in Physiology
SN - 1664-042X
M1 - Article 396
ER -