A biomechanical analysis of bi-manual coordination and depth perception in virtual laparoscopic surgery

Minimally invasive surgery has become very common in recent years thanks to the many advantages that patients can obtain However, due to the difficulties surgeons encounter to learn and master this technique, several training methods and metrics have been proposed in order to, respectively, improve the surgeon's abilities and assess his/her skills. In this context, this paper presents the estimation of some biomechanical parameters and a segmentation algorithm to deeply investigate the surgeon's movements and to divide them into sub-movements. Segmentation allows to identify different phases of the exercise and also to distinguish the hand which is actively used in the task from the hand that is just holding the instrument.