Aldosterone stimulates activity and surface expression of NHE3 in human primary renal proximal tubule epithelial cells (RPTEC)

The steroid hormone aldosterone is a major regulator of extracellular volume and blood pressure. Aldosterone effectors are for example the epithelial Na ⁺ channel (ENaC), the Na ⁺-K ⁺-ATPaSe and the proximal tubule Na ⁺/H ⁺ exchanger isoform 3 (NHE3). The aim of this study was to investigate whether aldosterone acts directly on proximal tubule cells to stimulate NHE3 and if so whether the EGF-receptor (EGFR) is involved. For this purpose, primary human renal proximal tubule cells were exposed to aldosterone. NHE3 activity was determined from Na ⁺- dependent pH-recovery, NHE3 surface expression was determined by biotinylation and immunoblotting. EGFR-expression was assessed by ELISA. pH _i-measurements revealed an aldosterone-induced increase in NHE3 activity, which was inhibited by the mineralocorticoid receptor blocker spironolactone and by the EGFR-kinase inhibitor AG1478. Immunoprecipitation and immunoblot analysis showed an aldosterone-induced increase in NHE3 surface expression, which was also inhibited by spironolactone and AG1478. Furthermore, aldosterone enhanced EGFR-expression. In conclusion, aldosterone stimulates NHE3 in human proximal tubule cells. The underlying mechanisms include AG1478 inhibitable kinase and are paralleled by enhanced EGFR expression, which could be compatible with EGF-receptor-pathway-dependent surface expression and activity of NHE3 in human primary renal proximal tubule epithelial cells.