TY - JOUR
T1 - An overview of the role of long non-coding RNAs in human choriocarcinoma
AU - Di Fiore, Riccardo
AU - Suleiman, Sherif
AU - Felix, Ana
AU - O’toole, Sharon A.
AU - O’leary, John J.
AU - Ward, Mark P.
AU - Beirne, James
AU - Sabol, Maja
AU - Ozretić, Petar
AU - Yordanov, Angel
AU - Vasileva-Slaveva, Mariela
AU - Kostov, Stoyan
AU - Nikolova, Margarita
AU - Said-Huntingford, Ian
AU - Ayers, Duncan
AU - Ellul, Bridget
AU - Pentimalli, Francesca
AU - Giordano, Antonio
AU - Calleja-Agius, Jean
N1 - Funding Information:
The publication of this manuscript was funded by the European Cooperation in Science & Technology Program (EU COST)?COST Action CA18117: GYNOCARE-?European network for Gynaecological Rare Cancer research: From Concept to Cure?. R.D.F., S.S., A.F., S.A.O., J.J.O., M.P.W., J.B., M.S., P.O., A.Y., M.V.-S., B.E., A.G., and J.C.-A. are Action management committee members and/or form part of Working Groups 1?3, and J.C.-A. is the Chairperson of this Action.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2021/6/2
Y1 - 2021/6/2
N2 - Choriocarcinoma (CC), a subtype of trophoblastic disease, is a rare and highly aggressive neoplasm. There are two main CC subtypes: gestational and non-gestational, (so called when it develops as a component of a germ cell tumor or is related to a somatic mutation of a poorly differentiated carcinoma), each with very diverse biological activity. A therapeutic approach is highly effective in patients with early-stage CC. The advanced stage of the disease also has a good prognosis with around 95% of patients cured following chemotherapy. However, advancements in diagnosis and treatment are always needed to improve outcomes for patients with CC. Long non-coding (lnc) RNAs are non-coding transcripts that are longer than 200 nucleotides. LncRNAs can act as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. Deregulation of their expression has a key role in tumor development, angiogenesis, differentiation, migration, apoptosis, and proliferation. Furthermore, detection of cancer-associated lncRNAs in body fluids, such as blood, saliva, and urine of cancer patients, is emerging as a novel method for cancer diagnosis. Although there is evidence for the potential role of lncRNAs in a number of cancers of the female genital tract, their role in CC is poorly understood. This review summarizes the current knowledge of lncRNAs in gestational CC and how this may be applied to future therapeutic strategies in the treatment of this rare cancer.
AB - Choriocarcinoma (CC), a subtype of trophoblastic disease, is a rare and highly aggressive neoplasm. There are two main CC subtypes: gestational and non-gestational, (so called when it develops as a component of a germ cell tumor or is related to a somatic mutation of a poorly differentiated carcinoma), each with very diverse biological activity. A therapeutic approach is highly effective in patients with early-stage CC. The advanced stage of the disease also has a good prognosis with around 95% of patients cured following chemotherapy. However, advancements in diagnosis and treatment are always needed to improve outcomes for patients with CC. Long non-coding (lnc) RNAs are non-coding transcripts that are longer than 200 nucleotides. LncRNAs can act as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. Deregulation of their expression has a key role in tumor development, angiogenesis, differentiation, migration, apoptosis, and proliferation. Furthermore, detection of cancer-associated lncRNAs in body fluids, such as blood, saliva, and urine of cancer patients, is emerging as a novel method for cancer diagnosis. Although there is evidence for the potential role of lncRNAs in a number of cancers of the female genital tract, their role in CC is poorly understood. This review summarizes the current knowledge of lncRNAs in gestational CC and how this may be applied to future therapeutic strategies in the treatment of this rare cancer.
KW - Choriocarcinoma
KW - LncRNA-based therapy
KW - Long non-coding RNA
KW - Oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes
KW - Rare cancer
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U2 - 10.3390/ijms22126506
DO - 10.3390/ijms22126506
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85108090747
VL - 22
JO - International Journal of Molecular Sciences
JF - International Journal of Molecular Sciences
SN - 1661-6596
IS - 12
M1 - 6506
ER -