TY - JOUR
T1 - Antibiotic Use and Risk of Multiple Sclerosis
T2 - A Nested Case-Control Study in Emilia-Romagna Region, Italy
AU - Baldin, Elisa
AU - Zenesini, Corrado
AU - Antonazzo, Ippazio Cosimo
AU - Bartolomei, Ilaria
AU - Caniatti, Luisa
AU - Costa, Manuela
AU - Curti, Erika
AU - Ferraro, Diana
AU - Foschi, Matteo
AU - Granella, Franco
AU - Guareschi, Angelica
AU - Immovilli, Paolo
AU - Lugaresi, Alessandra
AU - Malagù, Susanna
AU - Mancinelli, Luca
AU - Montepietra, Sara
AU - Mussuto, Vittoria
AU - Neri, Walter
AU - Pasquinelli, Marco
AU - Pellegrino, Lisa
AU - Pesci, Ilaria
AU - Poluzzi, Elisabetta
AU - Pugliatti, Maura
AU - Ravasio, Alessandro
AU - Riise, Trond
AU - Salvi, Fabrizio
AU - Santangelo, Mario
AU - Sireci, Francesca
AU - Sola, Patrizia
AU - Strumia, Silvia
AU - Tsantes, Elena
AU - Vignatelli, Luca
AU - Vitetta, Francesca
AU - Viti, Beatrice
AU - D'Alessandro, Roberto
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 S. Karger AG, Basel. Copyright: All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/6/1
Y1 - 2021/6/1
N2 - Introduction: Known risk factors for multiple sclerosis (MS) include smoking, a low vitamin D status, obesity, and EBV, while the inflammatory feature of the disease strongly suggests the presence of additional infectious agents. The association between use of antibiotics and MS risk that could shed light on these factors is still undetermined. We aimed to evaluate the association between antibiotics and MS risk, in the Emilia-Romagna region (RER), Italy. Methods: All adult patients with MS seen at any RER MS center (2015-2017) were eligible. For each of the 877 patients included, clinical information was collected and matched to 5 controls (RER residents) (n = 4,205) based on age, sex, place of residence, and index year. Information on antibiotic prescription was obtained through the linkage with the RER drug prescription database. Results: Exposure to any antibiotic 3 years prior to the index year was associated with an increased MS risk (OR = 1.52; 95% CI = 1.29-1.79). Similar results were found for different classes. No dose-response effect was found. Discussion/Conclusions: Our results suggest an association between the use of antibiotics and MS risk in RER population. However, further epidemiological studies should be done with information on early life and lifestyle factors.
AB - Introduction: Known risk factors for multiple sclerosis (MS) include smoking, a low vitamin D status, obesity, and EBV, while the inflammatory feature of the disease strongly suggests the presence of additional infectious agents. The association between use of antibiotics and MS risk that could shed light on these factors is still undetermined. We aimed to evaluate the association between antibiotics and MS risk, in the Emilia-Romagna region (RER), Italy. Methods: All adult patients with MS seen at any RER MS center (2015-2017) were eligible. For each of the 877 patients included, clinical information was collected and matched to 5 controls (RER residents) (n = 4,205) based on age, sex, place of residence, and index year. Information on antibiotic prescription was obtained through the linkage with the RER drug prescription database. Results: Exposure to any antibiotic 3 years prior to the index year was associated with an increased MS risk (OR = 1.52; 95% CI = 1.29-1.79). Similar results were found for different classes. No dose-response effect was found. Discussion/Conclusions: Our results suggest an association between the use of antibiotics and MS risk in RER population. However, further epidemiological studies should be done with information on early life and lifestyle factors.
KW - Antibacterial agents
KW - Multiple sclerosis
KW - Nested case-control study
KW - Record linkage
KW - Risk factors
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U2 - 10.1159/000515682
DO - 10.1159/000515682
M3 - Article
C2 - 33965951
AN - SCOPUS:85107477868
VL - 55
SP - 224
EP - 231
JO - Neuroepidemiology
JF - Neuroepidemiology
SN - 0251-5350
IS - 3
ER -