TY - JOUR
T1 - Assessment and imaging of intracellular magnesium in saos-2 osteosarcoma cells and its role in proliferation
AU - Cappadone, Concettina
AU - Malucelli, Emil
AU - Zini, Maddalena
AU - Farruggia, Giovanna
AU - Picone, Giovanna
AU - Gianoncelli, Alessandra
AU - Notargiacomo, Andrea
AU - Fratini, Michela
AU - Pignatti, Carla
AU - Iotti, Stefano
AU - Stefanelli, Claudio
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding: This work was supported by the University of Bologna (RFO).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2021/4
Y1 - 2021/4
N2 - Magnesium is an essential nutrient involved in many important processes in living organ-isms, including protein synthesis, cellular energy production and storage, cell growth and nucleic acid synthesis. In this study, we analysed the effect of magnesium deficiency on the proliferation of SaOS-2 osteosarcoma cells. When quiescent magnesium-starved cells were induced to proliferate by serum addition, the magnesium content was 2–3 times lower in cells maintained in a medium without magnesium compared with cells growing in the presence of the ion. Magnesium depletion inhibited cell cycle progression and caused the inhibition of cell proliferation, which was associated with mTOR hypophosphorylation at Serine 2448. In order to map the intracellular magnesium distribution, an analytical approach using synchrotron-based X-ray techniques was applied. When cell growth was stimulated, magnesium was mainly localized near the plasma membrane in cells maintained in a medium without magnesium. In non-proliferating cells growing in the presence of the ion, high concentration areas inside the cell were observed. These results support the role of magnesium in the control of cell proliferation, suggesting that mTOR may represent an important target for the antiproliferative effect of magnesium. Selective control of magnesium availability could be a useful strategy for inhibiting osteosarcoma cell growth.
AB - Magnesium is an essential nutrient involved in many important processes in living organ-isms, including protein synthesis, cellular energy production and storage, cell growth and nucleic acid synthesis. In this study, we analysed the effect of magnesium deficiency on the proliferation of SaOS-2 osteosarcoma cells. When quiescent magnesium-starved cells were induced to proliferate by serum addition, the magnesium content was 2–3 times lower in cells maintained in a medium without magnesium compared with cells growing in the presence of the ion. Magnesium depletion inhibited cell cycle progression and caused the inhibition of cell proliferation, which was associated with mTOR hypophosphorylation at Serine 2448. In order to map the intracellular magnesium distribution, an analytical approach using synchrotron-based X-ray techniques was applied. When cell growth was stimulated, magnesium was mainly localized near the plasma membrane in cells maintained in a medium without magnesium. In non-proliferating cells growing in the presence of the ion, high concentration areas inside the cell were observed. These results support the role of magnesium in the control of cell proliferation, suggesting that mTOR may represent an important target for the antiproliferative effect of magnesium. Selective control of magnesium availability could be a useful strategy for inhibiting osteosarcoma cell growth.
KW - Cell cycle
KW - Magnesium
KW - MTOR
KW - Osteosarcoma
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U2 - 10.3390/nu13041376
DO - 10.3390/nu13041376
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85104379900
VL - 13
JO - Nutrients
JF - Nutrients
SN - 2072-6643
IS - 4
M1 - 1376
ER -