TY - JOUR
T1 - Association of nut and seed intake with colorectal cancer risk in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition
AU - Jenab, Mazda
AU - Ferrari, Pietro
AU - Slimani, Nadia
AU - Norat, Teresa
AU - Casagrande, Corinne
AU - Overad, Kim
AU - Olsen, Anja
AU - Stripp, Connie
AU - Tjønneland, Anne
AU - Boutron-Ruault, Marie Christine
AU - Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise
AU - Kesse, Emmanuelle
AU - Nieters, Alexandra
AU - Bergmann, Manuela
AU - Boeing, Heiner
AU - Naska, Androniki
AU - Trichopoulou, Antonia
AU - Palli, Domenico
AU - Krogh, Vittorio
AU - Celentano, Egidio
AU - Tumino, Rosario
AU - Sacerdote, Carlotta
AU - Bueno-De-Mesquita, Hendrik B.
AU - Ocké, Marga C.
AU - Peeters, Petra H M
AU - Engeset, Dagrun
AU - Quirós, José R.
AU - González, Carlos A.
AU - Martínez, Carmen
AU - Chirlaque, Maria D.
AU - Ardanaz, Eva
AU - Dorronsoro, Miren
AU - Wallström, Peter
AU - Palmqvist, Richard
AU - Van Guelpen, Bethany
AU - Bingham, Sheila
AU - San Joaquin, Miguel A.
AU - Saracci, Rodolfo
AU - Kaaks, Rudolf
AU - Riboli, Elio
PY - 2004/10
Y1 - 2004/10
N2 - A link between unsaturated fatty acids or phytonutrients and reduced risk of colorectal cancer has been suggested. However, the effects of higher intake of dietary sources of these nutrients, such as the nuts and seeds food group, are less clear. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of nut and seed intake on colorectal cancer risk within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study, a large prospective cohort study involving 10 European countries. Total nut and seed intake was determined from country-specific dietary questionnaires. The data set included 478,040 subjects (141,988 men, 336,052 women) with a total of 855 (327 men, 528 women) colon and 474 (215 men, 259 women) rectal cancer cases. A multivariate Cox proportional hazards model, stratified by center and controlled for fruit intake, dietary fiber, energy, height, weight, sex, age, physical activity, and smoking, was used. The data show no association between higher intake of nuts and seeds and risk of colorectal, colon, and rectal cancers in men and women combined, but a significant inverse association was observed in subgroup analyses for colon cancer in women at the highest (>6.2 g/d) versus the lowest (nonconsumers; hazard ratio, 0.69; 95% confidence interval, 0.50-0.95) category of intake and for the linear effect of log-transformed intake (hazard ratio, 0.89; 95% confidence interval, 0.80-0.98), with no associations in men. It is not evident from this data why there may be a stronger association in women or why it may be limited to the colon, suggesting that much further research is necessary.
AB - A link between unsaturated fatty acids or phytonutrients and reduced risk of colorectal cancer has been suggested. However, the effects of higher intake of dietary sources of these nutrients, such as the nuts and seeds food group, are less clear. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of nut and seed intake on colorectal cancer risk within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study, a large prospective cohort study involving 10 European countries. Total nut and seed intake was determined from country-specific dietary questionnaires. The data set included 478,040 subjects (141,988 men, 336,052 women) with a total of 855 (327 men, 528 women) colon and 474 (215 men, 259 women) rectal cancer cases. A multivariate Cox proportional hazards model, stratified by center and controlled for fruit intake, dietary fiber, energy, height, weight, sex, age, physical activity, and smoking, was used. The data show no association between higher intake of nuts and seeds and risk of colorectal, colon, and rectal cancers in men and women combined, but a significant inverse association was observed in subgroup analyses for colon cancer in women at the highest (>6.2 g/d) versus the lowest (nonconsumers; hazard ratio, 0.69; 95% confidence interval, 0.50-0.95) category of intake and for the linear effect of log-transformed intake (hazard ratio, 0.89; 95% confidence interval, 0.80-0.98), with no associations in men. It is not evident from this data why there may be a stronger association in women or why it may be limited to the colon, suggesting that much further research is necessary.
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M3 - Article
C2 - 15466975
AN - SCOPUS:4944257154
VL - 13
SP - 1595
EP - 1603
JO - Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention
JF - Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention
SN - 1055-9965
IS - 10
ER -