TY - JOUR
T1 - Beneficial Role of Replacing Dietary Saturated Fatty Acids with Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Prevention of Sarcopenia: Findings from the NU-AGE Cohort
AU - Montiel-Rojas, Diego
AU - Santoro, Aurelia
AU - Nilsson, Andreas
AU - Franceschi, Claudio
AU - Capri, Miriam
AU - Bazzocchi, Alberto
AU - Battista, Giuseppe
AU - de Groot, Lisette C P G M
AU - Feskens, Edith J M
AU - Berendsen, Agnes A M
AU - Bialecka-Debek, Agata
AU - Surala, Olga
AU - Pietruszka, Barbara
AU - Fairweather-Tait, Susan
AU - Jennings, Amy
AU - Capel, Frederic
AU - Kadi, Fawzi
PY - 2020/10/9
Y1 - 2020/10/9
N2 - Dietary fat subtypes may play an important role in the regulation of muscle mass and function during ageing. The aim of the present study was to determine the impact of isocaloric macronutrient substitutions, including different fat subtypes, on sarcopenia risk in older men and women, while accounting for physical activity (PA) and metabolic risk. A total of 986 participants, aged 65-79 years, completed a 7-day food record and wore an accelerometer for a week. A continuous sex-specific sarcopenia risk score (SRS), including skeletal muscle mass assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and handgrip strength, was derived. The impact of the isocaloric replacement of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) by either mono- (MUFAs) or poly-unsaturated (PUFAs) fatty acids on SRS was determined using regression analysis based on the whole sample and stratified by adherence to a recommended protein intake (1.1 g/BW). Isocaloric reduction of SFAs for the benefit of PUFAs was associated with a lower SRS in the whole population, and in those with a protein intake below 1.1 g/BW, after accounting for age, smoking habits, metabolic disturbances, and adherence to PA guidelines. The present study highlighted the potential of promoting healthy diets with optimised fat subtype distribution in the prevention of sarcopenia in older adults.
AB - Dietary fat subtypes may play an important role in the regulation of muscle mass and function during ageing. The aim of the present study was to determine the impact of isocaloric macronutrient substitutions, including different fat subtypes, on sarcopenia risk in older men and women, while accounting for physical activity (PA) and metabolic risk. A total of 986 participants, aged 65-79 years, completed a 7-day food record and wore an accelerometer for a week. A continuous sex-specific sarcopenia risk score (SRS), including skeletal muscle mass assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and handgrip strength, was derived. The impact of the isocaloric replacement of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) by either mono- (MUFAs) or poly-unsaturated (PUFAs) fatty acids on SRS was determined using regression analysis based on the whole sample and stratified by adherence to a recommended protein intake (1.1 g/BW). Isocaloric reduction of SFAs for the benefit of PUFAs was associated with a lower SRS in the whole population, and in those with a protein intake below 1.1 g/BW, after accounting for age, smoking habits, metabolic disturbances, and adherence to PA guidelines. The present study highlighted the potential of promoting healthy diets with optimised fat subtype distribution in the prevention of sarcopenia in older adults.
KW - ageing
KW - dietary fats
KW - isocaloric substitution
KW - macronutrients
KW - metabolic syndrome
KW - muscle mass
KW - muscle strength
KW - physical activity
U2 - 10.3390/nu12103079
DO - 10.3390/nu12103079
M3 - Article
C2 - 33050316
VL - 12
SP - 1
EP - 10
JO - Nutrients
JF - Nutrients
SN - 2072-6643
IS - 10
ER -