Abstract
The present study aimed at: (1) exploring rate and clinical features of superimposed bipolar disorder (BD) in Italian children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), compared with a community sample, matched for age and gender; (2) exploring predictors of BD in ADHD children, by comparing ADHD children with or without superimposed BD. We studied 173 consecutive drug-naïve outpatients with ADHD (156 males and 17 females, mean age of 9.2 ± 2.3 years, age range 6-17.5. years), diagnosed with a clinical interview (Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL)); the control group consisted of a community-based sample of 100 healthy children. The rate of children with a diagnosis of BD was higher in the ADHD group (29/173, 16.7%) compared with controls (1/100, 1%), (P<0.001). Among the 29 children with ADHD + BD, 16 (55.2%) had a Bipolar Disorder-Not Otherwise Specified (BD-NOS), and 11 (37.9%) showed ultrarapid cycling. Compared with children with ADHD without BD, they showed a higher rate of combined sub-type (21/29, 72.4%), a higher score at ADHD-Rating Scale (total score and hyperactivity subscale), higher rates of major depression, oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder. In summary, children with ADHD present a higher risk for developing a superimposed BD. The identification of clinical features with an increased risk of BD can improve diagnosis, prognosis and treatments.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 333-337 |
| Number of pages | 5 |
| Journal | Psychiatry Research |
| Volume | 186 |
| Issue number | 2-3 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Apr 30 2011 |
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Keywords
- ADHD
- Adolescents
- Bipolar disorder
- Children
- Co-morbidity
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Psychiatry and Mental health
- Biological Psychiatry
Cite this
Bipolar disorder co-morbidity in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. / Donfrancesco, Renato; Miano, Silvia; Martines, Francesca; Ferrante, Laura; Melegari, Maria Grazia; Masi, Gabriele.
In: Psychiatry Research, Vol. 186, No. 2-3, 30.04.2011, p. 333-337.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Bipolar disorder co-morbidity in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
AU - Donfrancesco, Renato
AU - Miano, Silvia
AU - Martines, Francesca
AU - Ferrante, Laura
AU - Melegari, Maria Grazia
AU - Masi, Gabriele
PY - 2011/4/30
Y1 - 2011/4/30
N2 - The present study aimed at: (1) exploring rate and clinical features of superimposed bipolar disorder (BD) in Italian children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), compared with a community sample, matched for age and gender; (2) exploring predictors of BD in ADHD children, by comparing ADHD children with or without superimposed BD. We studied 173 consecutive drug-naïve outpatients with ADHD (156 males and 17 females, mean age of 9.2 ± 2.3 years, age range 6-17.5. years), diagnosed with a clinical interview (Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL)); the control group consisted of a community-based sample of 100 healthy children. The rate of children with a diagnosis of BD was higher in the ADHD group (29/173, 16.7%) compared with controls (1/100, 1%), (P<0.001). Among the 29 children with ADHD + BD, 16 (55.2%) had a Bipolar Disorder-Not Otherwise Specified (BD-NOS), and 11 (37.9%) showed ultrarapid cycling. Compared with children with ADHD without BD, they showed a higher rate of combined sub-type (21/29, 72.4%), a higher score at ADHD-Rating Scale (total score and hyperactivity subscale), higher rates of major depression, oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder. In summary, children with ADHD present a higher risk for developing a superimposed BD. The identification of clinical features with an increased risk of BD can improve diagnosis, prognosis and treatments.
AB - The present study aimed at: (1) exploring rate and clinical features of superimposed bipolar disorder (BD) in Italian children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), compared with a community sample, matched for age and gender; (2) exploring predictors of BD in ADHD children, by comparing ADHD children with or without superimposed BD. We studied 173 consecutive drug-naïve outpatients with ADHD (156 males and 17 females, mean age of 9.2 ± 2.3 years, age range 6-17.5. years), diagnosed with a clinical interview (Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL)); the control group consisted of a community-based sample of 100 healthy children. The rate of children with a diagnosis of BD was higher in the ADHD group (29/173, 16.7%) compared with controls (1/100, 1%), (P<0.001). Among the 29 children with ADHD + BD, 16 (55.2%) had a Bipolar Disorder-Not Otherwise Specified (BD-NOS), and 11 (37.9%) showed ultrarapid cycling. Compared with children with ADHD without BD, they showed a higher rate of combined sub-type (21/29, 72.4%), a higher score at ADHD-Rating Scale (total score and hyperactivity subscale), higher rates of major depression, oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder. In summary, children with ADHD present a higher risk for developing a superimposed BD. The identification of clinical features with an increased risk of BD can improve diagnosis, prognosis and treatments.
KW - ADHD
KW - Adolescents
KW - Bipolar disorder
KW - Children
KW - Co-morbidity
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=79952363783&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=79952363783&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.psychres.2010.07.008
DO - 10.1016/j.psychres.2010.07.008
M3 - Article
C2 - 20692046
AN - SCOPUS:79952363783
VL - 186
SP - 333
EP - 337
JO - Psychiatry Research
JF - Psychiatry Research
SN - 0165-1781
IS - 2-3
ER -