TY - JOUR
T1 - Body size and risk of renal cell carcinoma in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)
AU - Pischon, Tobias
AU - Lahmann, Petra H.
AU - Boeing, Heiner
AU - Tjønneland, Anne
AU - Halkjær, Jytte
AU - Overvad, Kim
AU - Klipstein-Grobusch, Kerstin
AU - Linseisen, Jakob
AU - Becker, Nikolaus
AU - Trichopoulou, Antonia
AU - Benetou, Vassiliki
AU - Trichopoulos, Dimitrios
AU - Sieri, Sabina
AU - Palli, Domenico
AU - Tumino, Rosario
AU - Vineis, Paolo
AU - Panico, Salvatore
AU - Monninkhof, Evelyn
AU - Peeters, Petra H M
AU - Bueno-De-Mesquita, H. Bas
AU - Büchner, Frederike L.
AU - Ljungberg, Börje
AU - Hallmans, Göran
AU - Berglund, Göran
AU - Gonzalez, Carlos Alberto
AU - Dorronsoro, Miren
AU - Gurrea, Aurelio Barricarte
AU - Navarro, Carmen
AU - Martinez, Carmen
AU - Quirós, J. Ramón
AU - Roddam, Andrew
AU - Allen, Naomi
AU - Bingham, Sheila
AU - Khaw, Kay Tee
AU - Kaaks, Rudolf
AU - Norat, Teresa
AU - Slimani, Nadia
AU - Riboli, Elio
PY - 2006/3/1
Y1 - 2006/3/1
N2 - Previous studies suggest that obesity is related to increased risk of renal cell carcinoma (RCC); however, only a few studies report on measures of central vs. peripheral adiposity. We examined the association between anthropometric measures, including waist and hip circumference and RCC risk among 348,550 men and women free of cancer at baseline from 8 countries of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). During 6.0 years of follow-up we identified 287 incident cases of RCC. Relative risks were calculated using Cox regression, stratified by age and study center and adjusted for smoking status, education, alcohol consumption, physical activity, menopausal status, and hormone replacement therapy use. Among women, an increased risk of RCC was conferred by body weight (relative risk [RR] in highest vs. lowest quintile = 2.13; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.16-3.90; p-trend = 0.003), body mass index (BMI) (RR = 2.25; 95% CI = 1.14-4.44; p-trend = 0.009), and waist (RR = 1.67; 95% CI = 0.94-2.98; p-trend = 0.003) and hip circumference (RR = 2.30; 95% CI = 1.22-4.34; p-trend = 0.01); however, waist and hip circumference were no longer significant after controlling for body weight. Among men, hip circumference (RR = 0.44; 95% CI = 0.20-0.98; p-trend = 0.03) was related significantly to decreased RCC risk only after accounting for body weight. Height was not related significantly to RCC risk. Our findings suggest that obesity is related to increased risk of RCC irrespective of fat distribution among women, whereas low hip circumference is related to increased RCC risk among men. Our data give further credence to public health efforts aiming to reduce the prevalence of obesity to prevent RCC, in addition to other chronic diseases.
AB - Previous studies suggest that obesity is related to increased risk of renal cell carcinoma (RCC); however, only a few studies report on measures of central vs. peripheral adiposity. We examined the association between anthropometric measures, including waist and hip circumference and RCC risk among 348,550 men and women free of cancer at baseline from 8 countries of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). During 6.0 years of follow-up we identified 287 incident cases of RCC. Relative risks were calculated using Cox regression, stratified by age and study center and adjusted for smoking status, education, alcohol consumption, physical activity, menopausal status, and hormone replacement therapy use. Among women, an increased risk of RCC was conferred by body weight (relative risk [RR] in highest vs. lowest quintile = 2.13; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.16-3.90; p-trend = 0.003), body mass index (BMI) (RR = 2.25; 95% CI = 1.14-4.44; p-trend = 0.009), and waist (RR = 1.67; 95% CI = 0.94-2.98; p-trend = 0.003) and hip circumference (RR = 2.30; 95% CI = 1.22-4.34; p-trend = 0.01); however, waist and hip circumference were no longer significant after controlling for body weight. Among men, hip circumference (RR = 0.44; 95% CI = 0.20-0.98; p-trend = 0.03) was related significantly to decreased RCC risk only after accounting for body weight. Height was not related significantly to RCC risk. Our findings suggest that obesity is related to increased risk of RCC irrespective of fat distribution among women, whereas low hip circumference is related to increased RCC risk among men. Our data give further credence to public health efforts aiming to reduce the prevalence of obesity to prevent RCC, in addition to other chronic diseases.
KW - Anthropometry
KW - Cohort study
KW - Epidemiology
KW - Kidney cancer
KW - Obesity
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=30444438015&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=30444438015&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/ijc.21398
DO - 10.1002/ijc.21398
M3 - Article
C2 - 16094628
AN - SCOPUS:30444438015
VL - 118
SP - 728
EP - 738
JO - International Journal of Cancer
JF - International Journal of Cancer
SN - 0020-7136
IS - 3
ER -