Bone marrow purging for multiple myeloma by avidin-biotin immunoadsorption

Avidin-biotin immunoadsorption, a technique based on the high affinity between the protein avidin and the vitamin biotin, has been used to remove neoplastic plasma cells from the bone marrow of patients with multiple myeloma. Buffy coat cells obtained from 25 patients were first incubated with monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) capable of recognizing plasma cell-associated antigens (i.e., 8A, 8F6, 62B1, and cocktails of 8A plus 8F6 or 62B1), then with biotinylated goat anti- mouse immunoglobulin, and passed over a column containing avidin conjugated to Sepharose 6MB. Both non- linked and linked cells were analyzed by immunofluorescence and morphological staining. The results showed that over 98% of plasma cells were removed by using 8A or 8F6 alone, while 99.5% ± 0.4 SD of plasma cell purging was achieved with 2 associated MoAb. In addition, the overall recovery of committed granulocyte-macrophage (CFU-GM),* erythroid (BFU-e), and multilineage (CFU-GEMM) progenitors after column treatment ranged from 39%±15 SD to 50%±6 SD, from 15%±2 SD to 39%±7 SD, and from 16%±4 SD to 64% ±10 SD, according to the MoAb employed. On this basis avidin-biotin immunoadsorption appears to be a suitable technique for ex-vivo manipulation of bone marrow infiltrated by neoplastic plasma cells.