Brain injury in a healthy child one year after periureteral injection of Teflon

This report presents the case of a previously healthy 6-year-old girl who had an ischemic injury corresponding to the territory perfused by the lateral branches of the lenticulostriate arteries of the middle cerebral artery. Stroke in childhood is rare, and the specific causes are identified in only half the cases. Our patient was carefully studied for any hereditary or acquired risk factors for stroke, but we found only one, an endoscopic injection of Teflon performed 1 year before to correct vesticoureteral reflux. This suggests the risk of potential migration of Teflon particles to the brain, where they can block the microcirculation.