BUSPIRONE

Buspirone, a compound with unusual chemical structure, acts primarily by partially antagonizing serotonin 5HT(1A) receptors, and has been demonstrated to be therapeutically equivalent to benzodiazepines in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder. Tecently, buspirone has been tested in the treatment of major depression and panic disorder, but more evidence is needed before any conclusion can be drawn. Buspirone has a selective action on anxiety reduction, has no muscle relaxant, hypnotic, anticonvulsant effects and cannot be helpful in the treatment of benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome (it shows no cross-tolerance with benzodiazepines). Dizziness, light-headedness, gastrointestinal complaints, nervousness and headache are its most frequent side effects; notable is a reduction of the presence of drowsiness, fatigue and slower time of reaction in comparison with the benzodiazepines. No withdrawal syndrome has been reported up to now but more data on long-term uses are needed. In view of the slow onset of action (1-2 weeks before reaching effectiveness), buspirone is unsuitable for the prompt relief of symptoms and for the management of short-lasting disorders. The characteristic adverse effects of the benzodiazepines (e.g. drowsiness, fatigue, psychomotor retardation) are uncommon with buspirone.