TY - JOUR
T1 - Cardiac CT angiography
T2 - Normal and pathological anatomical features—a narrative review
AU - Clemente, Alberto
AU - Seitun, Sara
AU - Mantini, Cesare
AU - Gentile, Giovanni
AU - Federici, Duccio
AU - Barison, Andrea
AU - Rossi, Andrea
AU - Cuman, Magdalena
AU - Pizzuto, Alessandra
AU - Ait-Ali, Lamia
AU - Bossone, Eduardo
AU - Cademartiri, Filippo
AU - Chiappino, Dante
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapy. All rights reserved.
Copyright:
Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2020/12
Y1 - 2020/12
N2 - The normal and pathological anatomy of the heart and coronary arteries are nowadays widely developed topics and constitute a fundamental part of the cultural background of the radiologist. The introduction of cardiac ECG-gated synchronized CT scanners with an ever-increasing number of detectors and with increasingly high structural characteristics (increase in temporal resolution, increase in contrast resolution with dual-source, dual energy scanners) allows the virtual measurement of anatomical in vivo structures complying with heart rate with submillimetric precision permitting to clearly depict the normal anatomy and follow the pathologic temporal evolution. Accordingly to these considerations, cardiac computed tomography angiography (CCTA) asserts itself as a gold standard method for the anatomical evaluation of the heart and permits to evaluate, verify, measure and characterize structural pathological alterations of both congenital and acquired degenerative diseases. Accordingly, CCTA is increasingly used as a prognostic model capable of modifying the outcome of diseased patients in planning interventions and in the post-surgical/interventional follow-up. The profound knowledge of cardiac anatomy and function through highly detailed CCTA analysis is required to perform an efficient and optimal use in real-world clinical practice.
AB - The normal and pathological anatomy of the heart and coronary arteries are nowadays widely developed topics and constitute a fundamental part of the cultural background of the radiologist. The introduction of cardiac ECG-gated synchronized CT scanners with an ever-increasing number of detectors and with increasingly high structural characteristics (increase in temporal resolution, increase in contrast resolution with dual-source, dual energy scanners) allows the virtual measurement of anatomical in vivo structures complying with heart rate with submillimetric precision permitting to clearly depict the normal anatomy and follow the pathologic temporal evolution. Accordingly to these considerations, cardiac computed tomography angiography (CCTA) asserts itself as a gold standard method for the anatomical evaluation of the heart and permits to evaluate, verify, measure and characterize structural pathological alterations of both congenital and acquired degenerative diseases. Accordingly, CCTA is increasingly used as a prognostic model capable of modifying the outcome of diseased patients in planning interventions and in the post-surgical/interventional follow-up. The profound knowledge of cardiac anatomy and function through highly detailed CCTA analysis is required to perform an efficient and optimal use in real-world clinical practice.
KW - Cardiac anatomy
KW - Cardiac catheterization
KW - Cardiac chambers
KW - Cardiac computed tomography angiography (CCTA)
KW - Cardiac functional parameters
KW - Cardiac valves
KW - Cardiology interventions
KW - Congenital
KW - Coronary artery anomalies
KW - Coronary artery disease (CAD)
KW - Heart defects
KW - Heart valve diseases
KW - Normal heart anatomy
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U2 - 10.21037/cdt-20-530
DO - 10.21037/cdt-20-530
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85098291157
VL - 10
SP - 1918
EP - 1945
JO - Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapy
JF - Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapy
SN - 2223-3652
IS - 6
ER -