TY - JOUR
T1 - Cardiovascular and noncardiovascular comorbidities in patients with chronic heart failure
AU - Metra, Marco
AU - Zacà, Valerio
AU - Parati, Gianfranco
AU - Agostoni, Piergiuseppe
AU - Bonadies, Maria
AU - Ciccone, Marco
AU - Cas, Alessandra Dei
AU - Iacoviello, Massimo
AU - Lagioia, Rocco
AU - Lombardi, Carolina
AU - Maio, Raffaele
AU - Magrì, Damiano
AU - Musca, Giuseppe
AU - Padeletti, Margherita
AU - Perticone, Francesco
AU - Pezzali, Natalia
AU - Piepoli, Massimo
AU - Sciacqua, Angela
AU - Zanolla, Luisa
AU - Nodari, Savina
AU - Filardi, Pasquale Perrone
AU - Dei Cas, Livio
PY - 2011/2
Y1 - 2011/2
N2 - A broad spectrum of concomitant disorders may complicate heart failure adding further morbidity and mortality risk. Comorbidities may be subdivided into cardiovascular and noncardiovascular. The first group includes hypertension, coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, arrhythmias and valvular heart disease. Noncardiovascular comorbidities include respiratory, endocrine, metabolic, nutritional, renal, hematopoietic, neurological as well as musculoskeletal conditions. In recent years, advances in the treatment of heart failure have not been attended by important changes in management of its comorbidities. They now seem to be major causes of the poor prognosis of heart failure patients. In this review we provide an updated summary of the epidemiological, pathophysiological and clinical characteristics of comorbidities as well as their potential impact for heart failure treatment.
AB - A broad spectrum of concomitant disorders may complicate heart failure adding further morbidity and mortality risk. Comorbidities may be subdivided into cardiovascular and noncardiovascular. The first group includes hypertension, coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, arrhythmias and valvular heart disease. Noncardiovascular comorbidities include respiratory, endocrine, metabolic, nutritional, renal, hematopoietic, neurological as well as musculoskeletal conditions. In recent years, advances in the treatment of heart failure have not been attended by important changes in management of its comorbidities. They now seem to be major causes of the poor prognosis of heart failure patients. In this review we provide an updated summary of the epidemiological, pathophysiological and clinical characteristics of comorbidities as well as their potential impact for heart failure treatment.
KW - chronic heart failure
KW - comorbidities
KW - prognosis
KW - therapy
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U2 - 10.2459/JCM.0b013e32834058d1
DO - 10.2459/JCM.0b013e32834058d1
M3 - Article
C2 - 20962666
AN - SCOPUS:79953659778
VL - 12
SP - 76
EP - 84
JO - Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine
JF - Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine
SN - 1558-2027
IS - 2
ER -