Abstract
Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) accounts for a significant proportion of tuberculosis cases worldwide. Nevertheless, the diagnosis is often delayed or even missed due to insidious clinical presentation and poor performance of diagnostic tests. Culture, the classical gold standard for tuberculosis, suffers from increased technical and logistical constraints in EPTB cases. In this review the authors outline current diagnostic options for the main forms of EPTB. The authors also discuss the opportunities and challenges linked in particular to microbiological diagnostics and to the attempts to find a new gold standard test for EPTB. Finally, new biomarkers and tests currently under evaluation are hopefully on the way to introduce significant improvements in EPTB diagnosis, for which clinical suspicion will nevertheless be essential.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 633-647 |
| Number of pages | 15 |
| Journal | Expert Review of Anti-Infective Therapy |
| Volume | 12 |
| Issue number | 5 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2014 |
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Keywords
- circulating biomarkers
- clinical diagnosis
- extrapulmonary tuberculosis
- gold standard
- microbiological diagnosis
- Xpert MTB/RIF
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology (medical)
- Microbiology
- Virology
- Medicine(all)
Cite this
Challenges and perspectives in the diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. / Norbis, Luca; Alagna, Riccardo; Tortoli, Enrico; Codecasa, Luigi Ruffo; Migliori, Giovanni Battista; Cirillo, Daniela M.
In: Expert Review of Anti-Infective Therapy, Vol. 12, No. 5, 2014, p. 633-647.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Challenges and perspectives in the diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis
AU - Norbis, Luca
AU - Alagna, Riccardo
AU - Tortoli, Enrico
AU - Codecasa, Luigi Ruffo
AU - Migliori, Giovanni Battista
AU - Cirillo, Daniela M.
PY - 2014
Y1 - 2014
N2 - Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) accounts for a significant proportion of tuberculosis cases worldwide. Nevertheless, the diagnosis is often delayed or even missed due to insidious clinical presentation and poor performance of diagnostic tests. Culture, the classical gold standard for tuberculosis, suffers from increased technical and logistical constraints in EPTB cases. In this review the authors outline current diagnostic options for the main forms of EPTB. The authors also discuss the opportunities and challenges linked in particular to microbiological diagnostics and to the attempts to find a new gold standard test for EPTB. Finally, new biomarkers and tests currently under evaluation are hopefully on the way to introduce significant improvements in EPTB diagnosis, for which clinical suspicion will nevertheless be essential.
AB - Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) accounts for a significant proportion of tuberculosis cases worldwide. Nevertheless, the diagnosis is often delayed or even missed due to insidious clinical presentation and poor performance of diagnostic tests. Culture, the classical gold standard for tuberculosis, suffers from increased technical and logistical constraints in EPTB cases. In this review the authors outline current diagnostic options for the main forms of EPTB. The authors also discuss the opportunities and challenges linked in particular to microbiological diagnostics and to the attempts to find a new gold standard test for EPTB. Finally, new biomarkers and tests currently under evaluation are hopefully on the way to introduce significant improvements in EPTB diagnosis, for which clinical suspicion will nevertheless be essential.
KW - circulating biomarkers
KW - clinical diagnosis
KW - extrapulmonary tuberculosis
KW - gold standard
KW - microbiological diagnosis
KW - Xpert MTB/RIF
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84898944246&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84898944246&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1586/14787210.2014.899900
DO - 10.1586/14787210.2014.899900
M3 - Article
C2 - 24717112
AN - SCOPUS:84898944246
VL - 12
SP - 633
EP - 647
JO - Expert Review of Anti-Infective Therapy
JF - Expert Review of Anti-Infective Therapy
SN - 1478-7210
IS - 5
ER -