Abstract
Background. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) cause 1.8 million premature (<75 years) death annually in Europe. The majority of these deaths are preventable with the most efficient and cost-effective approach being on the population level. The aim of this position paper is to assist authorities in selecting the most adequate management strategies to prevent CVD. Design and methods. Experts reviewed and summarized the published evidence on the major modifiable CVD risk factors: food, physical inactivity, smoking, and alcohol. Population-based preventive strategies focus on fiscal measures (e.g. taxation), national and regional policies (e.g. smoke-free legislation), and environmental changes (e.g. availability of alcohol). Results. Food is a complex area, but several strategies can be effective in increasing fruit and vegetables and lowering intake of salt, saturated fat, trans-fats, and free sugars. Tobacco and alcohol can be regulated mainly by fiscal measures and national policies, but local availability also plays a role. Changes in national policies and the built environment will integrate physical activity into daily life. Conclusion. Societal changes and commercial influences have led to the present unhealthy environment, in which default option in lifestyle increases CVD risk. A challenge for both central and local authorities is, therefore, to ensure healthier defaults. This position paper summarizes the evidence and recommends a number of structural strategies at international, national, and regional levels that in combination can substantially reduce CVD.
| Original language | Italian |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 393-403 |
| Number of pages | 11 |
| Journal | Giornale Italiano di Cardiologia |
| Volume | 14 |
| Issue number | 5 |
| Publication status | Published - May 2013 |
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ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Cite this
Cambiamenti a livello di popolazione per promuovere la salute cardiovascolare. / Jorgensen, Torben; Capewell, Simon; Prescott, Eva; Allender, Steven; Sans, Susana; Zdrojewski, Tomasz; De Bacquer, Dirk; De Sutter, Johan; Franco, Oscar H.; Logstrup, Susanne; Volpe, Massimo; Malyutina, Sofie; Marques-Vidal, Pedro; Reiner, Zeljko; Tell, Grethe S.; Verschuren, W. M Monique; Vanuzzo, Diego.
In: Giornale Italiano di Cardiologia, Vol. 14, No. 5, 05.2013, p. 393-403.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Cambiamenti a livello di popolazione per promuovere la salute cardiovascolare
AU - Jorgensen, Torben
AU - Capewell, Simon
AU - Prescott, Eva
AU - Allender, Steven
AU - Sans, Susana
AU - Zdrojewski, Tomasz
AU - De Bacquer, Dirk
AU - De Sutter, Johan
AU - Franco, Oscar H.
AU - Logstrup, Susanne
AU - Volpe, Massimo
AU - Malyutina, Sofie
AU - Marques-Vidal, Pedro
AU - Reiner, Zeljko
AU - Tell, Grethe S.
AU - Verschuren, W. M Monique
AU - Vanuzzo, Diego
PY - 2013/5
Y1 - 2013/5
N2 - Background. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) cause 1.8 million premature (<75 years) death annually in Europe. The majority of these deaths are preventable with the most efficient and cost-effective approach being on the population level. The aim of this position paper is to assist authorities in selecting the most adequate management strategies to prevent CVD. Design and methods. Experts reviewed and summarized the published evidence on the major modifiable CVD risk factors: food, physical inactivity, smoking, and alcohol. Population-based preventive strategies focus on fiscal measures (e.g. taxation), national and regional policies (e.g. smoke-free legislation), and environmental changes (e.g. availability of alcohol). Results. Food is a complex area, but several strategies can be effective in increasing fruit and vegetables and lowering intake of salt, saturated fat, trans-fats, and free sugars. Tobacco and alcohol can be regulated mainly by fiscal measures and national policies, but local availability also plays a role. Changes in national policies and the built environment will integrate physical activity into daily life. Conclusion. Societal changes and commercial influences have led to the present unhealthy environment, in which default option in lifestyle increases CVD risk. A challenge for both central and local authorities is, therefore, to ensure healthier defaults. This position paper summarizes the evidence and recommends a number of structural strategies at international, national, and regional levels that in combination can substantially reduce CVD.
AB - Background. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) cause 1.8 million premature (<75 years) death annually in Europe. The majority of these deaths are preventable with the most efficient and cost-effective approach being on the population level. The aim of this position paper is to assist authorities in selecting the most adequate management strategies to prevent CVD. Design and methods. Experts reviewed and summarized the published evidence on the major modifiable CVD risk factors: food, physical inactivity, smoking, and alcohol. Population-based preventive strategies focus on fiscal measures (e.g. taxation), national and regional policies (e.g. smoke-free legislation), and environmental changes (e.g. availability of alcohol). Results. Food is a complex area, but several strategies can be effective in increasing fruit and vegetables and lowering intake of salt, saturated fat, trans-fats, and free sugars. Tobacco and alcohol can be regulated mainly by fiscal measures and national policies, but local availability also plays a role. Changes in national policies and the built environment will integrate physical activity into daily life. Conclusion. Societal changes and commercial influences have led to the present unhealthy environment, in which default option in lifestyle increases CVD risk. A challenge for both central and local authorities is, therefore, to ensure healthier defaults. This position paper summarizes the evidence and recommends a number of structural strategies at international, national, and regional levels that in combination can substantially reduce CVD.
KW - Cardiovascular health promotion
KW - Population
KW - Prevention
KW - Public health
KW - Structural strategies
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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84877761454&partnerID=8YFLogxK
M3 - Articolo
AN - SCOPUS:84877761454
VL - 14
SP - 393
EP - 403
JO - Giornale Italiano di Cardiologia
JF - Giornale Italiano di Cardiologia
SN - 1827-6806
IS - 5
ER -