TY - JOUR
T1 - Cigarette smoking and lung cancer - Relative risk estimates for the major histological types from a pooled analysis of case - Control studies
AU - Pesch, Beate
AU - Kendzia, Benjamin
AU - Gustavsson, Per
AU - Jöckel, Karl Heinz
AU - Johnen, Georg
AU - Pohlabeln, Hermann
AU - Olsson, Ann
AU - Ahrens, Wolfgang
AU - Gross, Isabelle Mercedes
AU - Brüske, Irene
AU - Wichmann, Heinz Erich
AU - Merletti, Franco
AU - Richiardi, Lorenzo
AU - Simonato, Lorenzo
AU - Fortes, Cristina
AU - Siemiatycki, Jack
AU - Parent, Marie Elise
AU - Consonni, Dario
AU - Landi, Maria Teresa
AU - Caporaso, Neil
AU - Zaridze, David
AU - Cassidy, Adrian
AU - Szeszenia-Dabrowska, Neonila
AU - Rudnai, Peter
AU - Lissowska, Jolanta
AU - Stücker, Isabelle
AU - Fabianova, Eleonora
AU - Dumitru, Rodica Stanescu
AU - Bencko, Vladimir
AU - Foretova, Lenka
AU - Janout, Vladimir
AU - Rudin, Charles M.
AU - Brennan, Paul
AU - Boffetta, Paolo
AU - Straif, Kurt
AU - Brüning, Thomas
PY - 2012/9/1
Y1 - 2012/9/1
N2 - Lung cancer is mainly caused by smoking, but the quantitative relations between smoking and histologic subtypes of lung cancer remain inconclusive. By using one of the largest lung cancer datasets ever assembled, we explored the impact of smoking on risks of the major cell types of lung cancer. This pooled analysis included 13,169 cases and 16,010 controls from Europe and Canada. Studies with population controls comprised 66.5% of the subjects. Adenocarcinoma (AdCa) was the most prevalent subtype in never smokers and in women. Squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) predominated in male smokers. Age-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were estimated with logistic regression. ORs were elevated for all metrics of exposure to cigarette smoke and were higher for SqCC and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) than for AdCa. Current male smokers with an average daily dose of >30 cigarettes had ORs of 103.5 (95% confidence interval (CI): 74.8-143.2) for SqCC, 111.3 (95% CI: 69.8-177.5) for SCLC and 21.9 (95% CI: 16.6-29.0) for AdCa. In women, the corresponding ORs were 62.7 (95% CI: 31.5-124.6), 108.6 (95% CI: 50.7-232.8) and 16.8 (95% CI: 9.2-30.6), respectively. Although ORs started to decline soon after quitting, they did not fully return to the baseline risk of never smokers even 35 years after cessation. The major result that smoking exerted a steeper risk gradient on SqCC and SCLC than on AdCa is in line with previous population data and biological understanding of lung cancer development.
AB - Lung cancer is mainly caused by smoking, but the quantitative relations between smoking and histologic subtypes of lung cancer remain inconclusive. By using one of the largest lung cancer datasets ever assembled, we explored the impact of smoking on risks of the major cell types of lung cancer. This pooled analysis included 13,169 cases and 16,010 controls from Europe and Canada. Studies with population controls comprised 66.5% of the subjects. Adenocarcinoma (AdCa) was the most prevalent subtype in never smokers and in women. Squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) predominated in male smokers. Age-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were estimated with logistic regression. ORs were elevated for all metrics of exposure to cigarette smoke and were higher for SqCC and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) than for AdCa. Current male smokers with an average daily dose of >30 cigarettes had ORs of 103.5 (95% confidence interval (CI): 74.8-143.2) for SqCC, 111.3 (95% CI: 69.8-177.5) for SCLC and 21.9 (95% CI: 16.6-29.0) for AdCa. In women, the corresponding ORs were 62.7 (95% CI: 31.5-124.6), 108.6 (95% CI: 50.7-232.8) and 16.8 (95% CI: 9.2-30.6), respectively. Although ORs started to decline soon after quitting, they did not fully return to the baseline risk of never smokers even 35 years after cessation. The major result that smoking exerted a steeper risk gradient on SqCC and SCLC than on AdCa is in line with previous population data and biological understanding of lung cancer development.
KW - Cigarette smoking
KW - Lung cancer
KW - Relative risk characterization
KW - Stem cells
KW - Tobacco smoke
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84860294779&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84860294779&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/ijc.27339
DO - 10.1002/ijc.27339
M3 - Article
C2 - 22052329
AN - SCOPUS:84860294779
VL - 131
SP - 1210
EP - 1219
JO - International Journal of Cancer
JF - International Journal of Cancer
SN - 0020-7136
IS - 5
ER -