Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is often overlooked in hospitalized patients, despite the fact that even mild forms are strongly associated with poor clinical outcomes such as increased mortality, morbidity, cardiovascular failure and infections. Research endorsed by the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative led to the publication of a consensus definition for AKIg-the RIFLE criteria (Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss of function, and End-stage renal disease)g-which was designed to standardize and classify renal dysfunction. These criteria, along with revised versions developed by the AKI Network (AKIN), can detect AKI with high sensitivity and high specificity and describe different severity levels that aim to predict the prognosis of affected patients. The RIFLE and AKIN criteria are easy to use in a variety of clinical and research settings, but have several limitations: both utilize an increase in serum creatinine level from a hypothetical baseline value and a decrease in urine output, but these surrogate markers of renal impairment manifest relatively late after injury has occurred and do not consider the nature or site of the kidney injury. New biomarkers for AKI have shown promise for early diagnosis and prediction of the prognosis of AKI. As more data become available, they could, in the future, be incorporated into improved definitions or criteria for AKI.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 201-208 |
| Number of pages | 8 |
| Journal | Nature Reviews Nephrology |
| Volume | 7 |
| Issue number | 4 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Apr 2011 |
Fingerprint
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Nephrology
Cite this
Classification and staging of acute kidney injury : Beyond the RIFLE and AKIN criteria. / Ricci, Zaccaria; Cruz, Dinna N.; Ronco, Claudio.
In: Nature Reviews Nephrology, Vol. 7, No. 4, 04.2011, p. 201-208.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Classification and staging of acute kidney injury
T2 - Beyond the RIFLE and AKIN criteria
AU - Ricci, Zaccaria
AU - Cruz, Dinna N.
AU - Ronco, Claudio
PY - 2011/4
Y1 - 2011/4
N2 - Acute kidney injury (AKI) is often overlooked in hospitalized patients, despite the fact that even mild forms are strongly associated with poor clinical outcomes such as increased mortality, morbidity, cardiovascular failure and infections. Research endorsed by the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative led to the publication of a consensus definition for AKIg-the RIFLE criteria (Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss of function, and End-stage renal disease)g-which was designed to standardize and classify renal dysfunction. These criteria, along with revised versions developed by the AKI Network (AKIN), can detect AKI with high sensitivity and high specificity and describe different severity levels that aim to predict the prognosis of affected patients. The RIFLE and AKIN criteria are easy to use in a variety of clinical and research settings, but have several limitations: both utilize an increase in serum creatinine level from a hypothetical baseline value and a decrease in urine output, but these surrogate markers of renal impairment manifest relatively late after injury has occurred and do not consider the nature or site of the kidney injury. New biomarkers for AKI have shown promise for early diagnosis and prediction of the prognosis of AKI. As more data become available, they could, in the future, be incorporated into improved definitions or criteria for AKI.
AB - Acute kidney injury (AKI) is often overlooked in hospitalized patients, despite the fact that even mild forms are strongly associated with poor clinical outcomes such as increased mortality, morbidity, cardiovascular failure and infections. Research endorsed by the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative led to the publication of a consensus definition for AKIg-the RIFLE criteria (Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss of function, and End-stage renal disease)g-which was designed to standardize and classify renal dysfunction. These criteria, along with revised versions developed by the AKI Network (AKIN), can detect AKI with high sensitivity and high specificity and describe different severity levels that aim to predict the prognosis of affected patients. The RIFLE and AKIN criteria are easy to use in a variety of clinical and research settings, but have several limitations: both utilize an increase in serum creatinine level from a hypothetical baseline value and a decrease in urine output, but these surrogate markers of renal impairment manifest relatively late after injury has occurred and do not consider the nature or site of the kidney injury. New biomarkers for AKI have shown promise for early diagnosis and prediction of the prognosis of AKI. As more data become available, they could, in the future, be incorporated into improved definitions or criteria for AKI.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=79953170615&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=79953170615&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1038/nrneph.2011.14
DO - 10.1038/nrneph.2011.14
M3 - Article
C2 - 21364520
AN - SCOPUS:79953170615
VL - 7
SP - 201
EP - 208
JO - Nature Reviews Nephrology
JF - Nature Reviews Nephrology
SN - 1759-507X
IS - 4
ER -