Abstract
Equivalent Scores (ES; Capitani and Laiacona, 1988) is a 5-point scale that offers a solution to the problem of standardizing neuropsychological scores after adjustment for age and education, given that the common z- standardization is not generally applicable in these cases. ES are discussed, and their properties and limits are compared with those of z-standardization. In a battery of ES-standardized tests, the average ES (AES) for the whole battery can provide a measure of the overall cognitive level, free of the influence of age and education. We report empirical data from a battery composed of 10 ES-standardized tests, in order to discuss general properties of ES standardization. The expected mean of the AES is constant, regardless of the number or type of tests included. The standard deviation of the AES, however, is variable: it decreases in proportion to the number of tests, but increases in proportion to their intercorrelation. We provide general indications concerning the normality threshold, which are applicable to all batteries of ES-standardized tests regardless of the number and type.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 795-809 |
| Number of pages | 15 |
| Journal | Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology |
| Volume | 19 |
| Issue number | 6 |
| Publication status | Published - 1997 |
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ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Clinical Neurology
- Neurology
- Psychology(all)
- Clinical Psychology
Cite this
Composite neuropsychological batteries and demographic correction : Standardization based on equivalent scores, with a review of published data. / Capitani, Erminio; Laiacona, Marcella.
In: Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, Vol. 19, No. 6, 1997, p. 795-809.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Composite neuropsychological batteries and demographic correction
T2 - Standardization based on equivalent scores, with a review of published data
AU - Capitani, Erminio
AU - Laiacona, Marcella
PY - 1997
Y1 - 1997
N2 - Equivalent Scores (ES; Capitani and Laiacona, 1988) is a 5-point scale that offers a solution to the problem of standardizing neuropsychological scores after adjustment for age and education, given that the common z- standardization is not generally applicable in these cases. ES are discussed, and their properties and limits are compared with those of z-standardization. In a battery of ES-standardized tests, the average ES (AES) for the whole battery can provide a measure of the overall cognitive level, free of the influence of age and education. We report empirical data from a battery composed of 10 ES-standardized tests, in order to discuss general properties of ES standardization. The expected mean of the AES is constant, regardless of the number or type of tests included. The standard deviation of the AES, however, is variable: it decreases in proportion to the number of tests, but increases in proportion to their intercorrelation. We provide general indications concerning the normality threshold, which are applicable to all batteries of ES-standardized tests regardless of the number and type.
AB - Equivalent Scores (ES; Capitani and Laiacona, 1988) is a 5-point scale that offers a solution to the problem of standardizing neuropsychological scores after adjustment for age and education, given that the common z- standardization is not generally applicable in these cases. ES are discussed, and their properties and limits are compared with those of z-standardization. In a battery of ES-standardized tests, the average ES (AES) for the whole battery can provide a measure of the overall cognitive level, free of the influence of age and education. We report empirical data from a battery composed of 10 ES-standardized tests, in order to discuss general properties of ES standardization. The expected mean of the AES is constant, regardless of the number or type of tests included. The standard deviation of the AES, however, is variable: it decreases in proportion to the number of tests, but increases in proportion to their intercorrelation. We provide general indications concerning the normality threshold, which are applicable to all batteries of ES-standardized tests regardless of the number and type.
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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0031447291&partnerID=8YFLogxK
M3 - Article
C2 - 9524875
AN - SCOPUS:0031447291
VL - 19
SP - 795
EP - 809
JO - Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology
JF - Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology
SN - 1380-3395
IS - 6
ER -