Congenital Immunodeficiency Diseases: Crossroad of Infection, Autoimmunity, and Hyperinflammation. Crossroad of Infection, Autoimmunity, and Hyperinflammation

Primary immunodeficiency disorders (PIDs) are genetically predetermined conditions of innate or adaptive immune system dysregulation. Susceptibility toward infection has been a long-standing, often diagnosis-requiring, feature. More recently, autoimmunity as a central pathology in PIDs has been described. Our growing ability to link unique genetic defects with downstream mechanisms that drive hyperinflammation and loss of self-tolerance is extremely powerful. Ultimately, successful management of the PID patient requires not only prevention of infection, but early detection and treatment of autoimmune complications through the use of mechanism-based therapies, which will directly address the immune dysregulation at play.