TY - JOUR
T1 - Current research into novel therapeutic vaccines against cervical cancer
AU - Cordeiro, Marcelo Nazário
AU - De Lima, Rita de Cássia Pereira
AU - Paolini, Francesca
AU - Melo, Alanne Rayssa da Silva
AU - Campos, Ana Paula Ferreira
AU - Venuti, Aldo
AU - De Freitas, Antonio Carlos
PY - 2018/4/3
Y1 - 2018/4/3
N2 - Introduction: Cervical cancer and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) are well-known outcomes of a human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Viral oncogenes expressions like E6, E7, and, recently recognized E5, lead to HPV-related malignant progression. Although HPV prevention by powerful vaccines against most frequent and oncogenic genotypes is feasible, current treatment against cervical neoplasia is distant from an ideal one. In addition, late diagnosis is commonly associated with a poor prognosis. On top of that, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or surgery are less effective in high-grade lesions. Areas covered: Due to their peculiarities, HPV oncogenes represent an excellent target for cancer immunotherapy. Safety, efficacy, and potential immunogenicity are features achieved by DNA vaccines targeting HPV. The literature search has indicated that genetic immunotherapy is becoming a pharmacological tool and therapeutic option against cervical disease, as more and more DNA vaccines are reaching clinical trial phases. Expert commentary: Among some of the promising results, a phase II randomized trial showed a clinical activity of a nucleic acid-based vaccine in HPV16 or HPV18 positive CIN patients. The concept of a synergic combination of anti-HPV DNA vaccines with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, sophisticated delivery methods, immunomodulators or immune adjuvants opens a new and interesting perspective in cervical malignancy treatment.
AB - Introduction: Cervical cancer and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) are well-known outcomes of a human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Viral oncogenes expressions like E6, E7, and, recently recognized E5, lead to HPV-related malignant progression. Although HPV prevention by powerful vaccines against most frequent and oncogenic genotypes is feasible, current treatment against cervical neoplasia is distant from an ideal one. In addition, late diagnosis is commonly associated with a poor prognosis. On top of that, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or surgery are less effective in high-grade lesions. Areas covered: Due to their peculiarities, HPV oncogenes represent an excellent target for cancer immunotherapy. Safety, efficacy, and potential immunogenicity are features achieved by DNA vaccines targeting HPV. The literature search has indicated that genetic immunotherapy is becoming a pharmacological tool and therapeutic option against cervical disease, as more and more DNA vaccines are reaching clinical trial phases. Expert commentary: Among some of the promising results, a phase II randomized trial showed a clinical activity of a nucleic acid-based vaccine in HPV16 or HPV18 positive CIN patients. The concept of a synergic combination of anti-HPV DNA vaccines with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, sophisticated delivery methods, immunomodulators or immune adjuvants opens a new and interesting perspective in cervical malignancy treatment.
KW - cervical cancer
KW - DNA vaccines
KW - HPV
KW - Human papillomavirus
KW - immunotherapy
KW - therapeutic vaccines
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85044086908&partnerID=8YFLogxK
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U2 - 10.1080/14737140.2018.1445527
DO - 10.1080/14737140.2018.1445527
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85044086908
VL - 18
SP - 365
EP - 376
JO - Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy
JF - Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy
SN - 1473-7140
IS - 4
ER -