TY - JOUR
T1 - Diagnosis of infection in patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
T2 - A case-control study
AU - Pieri, Marina
AU - Greco, Teresa
AU - De Bonis, Michele
AU - Maj, Giulia
AU - Fumagalli, Luca
AU - Zangrillo, Alberto
AU - Pappalardo, Federico
PY - 2012/6
Y1 - 2012/6
N2 - Objective: Diagnosis of infection in patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is challenging in clinical practice but represents a crucial aspect of the upgrading of therapeutic options. The aim of this study was to analyze the role of C-reactive protein and procalcitonin in the diagnosis of infection in patients requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and to assess the difference between venovenous and venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation settings. Methods: A case-control study was performed on 27 patients. Serum values of procalcitonin and C-reactive protein were analyzed according to the presence of infection. Results: Forty-eight percent of patients had infection. Gram-negative bacteria were the predominant pathogens, and Candida albicans was the most frequent isolated microorganism. Procalcitonin had an area under the curve of 0.681 (P = .0062) for the diagnosis of infection in the venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation group but failed to discriminate infection in the venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation group (P = .14). The area under the curve of C-reactive protein was 0.707 (P <.001) in all patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. In patients receiving venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, procalcitonin had good accuracy with 1.89 ng/mL as the cutoff (sensitivity = 87.8%, specificity = 50%) and C-reactive protein with 97.70 mg/L as the cutoff (sensitivity = 85.3%, specificity = 41.6%). The procalcitonin and C-reactive protein combined assay had a sensitivity of 87.2% and specificity of 25.9%. Four variables were identified as statistically significant predictors of infection: procalcitonin and C-reactive protein combined assay (odds ratio, 1.184; P <.001), age (odds ratio, 0.980; P <.001), presence of infection before extracorporeal membrane oxygenation implantation (odds ratio, 1.782; P <.001), and duration of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support (odds ratio, 1.056; P <.001). Conclusions: Traditional and emerging inflammatory biomarkers, especially if compounded in the procalcitonin and C-reactive protein combined assay, can aid in the diagnosis of infection in patients undergoing venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
AB - Objective: Diagnosis of infection in patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is challenging in clinical practice but represents a crucial aspect of the upgrading of therapeutic options. The aim of this study was to analyze the role of C-reactive protein and procalcitonin in the diagnosis of infection in patients requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and to assess the difference between venovenous and venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation settings. Methods: A case-control study was performed on 27 patients. Serum values of procalcitonin and C-reactive protein were analyzed according to the presence of infection. Results: Forty-eight percent of patients had infection. Gram-negative bacteria were the predominant pathogens, and Candida albicans was the most frequent isolated microorganism. Procalcitonin had an area under the curve of 0.681 (P = .0062) for the diagnosis of infection in the venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation group but failed to discriminate infection in the venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation group (P = .14). The area under the curve of C-reactive protein was 0.707 (P <.001) in all patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. In patients receiving venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, procalcitonin had good accuracy with 1.89 ng/mL as the cutoff (sensitivity = 87.8%, specificity = 50%) and C-reactive protein with 97.70 mg/L as the cutoff (sensitivity = 85.3%, specificity = 41.6%). The procalcitonin and C-reactive protein combined assay had a sensitivity of 87.2% and specificity of 25.9%. Four variables were identified as statistically significant predictors of infection: procalcitonin and C-reactive protein combined assay (odds ratio, 1.184; P <.001), age (odds ratio, 0.980; P <.001), presence of infection before extracorporeal membrane oxygenation implantation (odds ratio, 1.782; P <.001), and duration of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support (odds ratio, 1.056; P <.001). Conclusions: Traditional and emerging inflammatory biomarkers, especially if compounded in the procalcitonin and C-reactive protein combined assay, can aid in the diagnosis of infection in patients undergoing venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2012.01.005
DO - 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2012.01.005
M3 - Article
C2 - 22305552
AN - SCOPUS:84861183795
VL - 143
SP - 1411
EP - 1416
JO - Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
JF - Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
SN - 0022-5223
IS - 6
ER -