TY - JOUR
T1 - Dietary habits in Parkinson's disease
T2 - Adherence to Mediterranean diet
AU - Cassani, Erica
AU - Barichella, Michela
AU - Ferri, Valentina
AU - Pinelli, Giovanna
AU - Iorio, Laura
AU - Bolliri, Carlotta
AU - Caronni, Serena
AU - Faierman, Samanta A.
AU - Mottolese, Antonia
AU - Pusani, Chiara
AU - Monajemi, Fatemeh
AU - Pasqua, Marianna
AU - Lubisco, Alessandro
AU - Cereda, Emanuele
AU - Frazzitta, Giuseppe
AU - Petroni, Maria L.
AU - Pezzoli, Gianni
PY - 2017/9/1
Y1 - 2017/9/1
N2 - Introduction Our objective is to describe the dietary habits, food preferences and adherence to Mediterranean diet (MeDi) of a large sample of Italian Parkinson's Disease (PD) patients compared to a group of controls. Methods Dietary habits of 600 PD patients from throughout Italy and 600 controls matched by gender, age, education, physical activity level and geographical residence, were collected using the ON-GP Food Frequency Questionnaire. Then, we compared patients by disease duration and the presence of swallowing disturbances. Results Overall, adherence of PD patients (males, 53.8%; mean disease duration, 9.2 ± 7.0 years) to MeDi was similar to controls (score, 4.8 ± 1.7 vs. 4.9 ± 1.6; P = 0.294). Patients consumed less alcohol and fish and drank significantly less water, coffee, and milk which resulted also in lower total fluids intake. On the contrary, they ate more fruit, cooked vegetables, cereals and baked items, more dressings and more sweets in general. Disease duration was associated with increased intake of several food groups but it was not associated with changes in MeDi score (P = 0.721). Patients with swallowing disturbances (n = 72) preferred softer and more viscous food but preferences did not result in differences in dietary pattern. However, patients with dysphagia drank less fluids (P = 0.043). Discussion PD patients presented different dietary habits and food preferences compared to the general population and adherence to MeDi was not associated with disease duration. Self-reported dysphagia was associated with reduced intake of fluids. These aspects may be amenable to change in order to improve the management of nutritional issues in this patient population.
AB - Introduction Our objective is to describe the dietary habits, food preferences and adherence to Mediterranean diet (MeDi) of a large sample of Italian Parkinson's Disease (PD) patients compared to a group of controls. Methods Dietary habits of 600 PD patients from throughout Italy and 600 controls matched by gender, age, education, physical activity level and geographical residence, were collected using the ON-GP Food Frequency Questionnaire. Then, we compared patients by disease duration and the presence of swallowing disturbances. Results Overall, adherence of PD patients (males, 53.8%; mean disease duration, 9.2 ± 7.0 years) to MeDi was similar to controls (score, 4.8 ± 1.7 vs. 4.9 ± 1.6; P = 0.294). Patients consumed less alcohol and fish and drank significantly less water, coffee, and milk which resulted also in lower total fluids intake. On the contrary, they ate more fruit, cooked vegetables, cereals and baked items, more dressings and more sweets in general. Disease duration was associated with increased intake of several food groups but it was not associated with changes in MeDi score (P = 0.721). Patients with swallowing disturbances (n = 72) preferred softer and more viscous food but preferences did not result in differences in dietary pattern. However, patients with dysphagia drank less fluids (P = 0.043). Discussion PD patients presented different dietary habits and food preferences compared to the general population and adherence to MeDi was not associated with disease duration. Self-reported dysphagia was associated with reduced intake of fluids. These aspects may be amenable to change in order to improve the management of nutritional issues in this patient population.
KW - Dietary habits
KW - Dysphagia
KW - Food frequency questionnaire
KW - Mediterranean diet
KW - Parkinson's disease
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85021109761&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85021109761&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2017.06.007
DO - 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2017.06.007
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85021109761
VL - 42
SP - 40
EP - 46
JO - Parkinsonism and Related Disorders
JF - Parkinsonism and Related Disorders
SN - 1353-8020
ER -