@article{816a4c885dce4169ab7196f657aad7c8,
title = "EA-DIVA score (Enhanced Adult DIVA score): A new scale to predict difficult preoperative venous cannulation in adult surgical patients",
abstract = "Introduction: Providing peripheral intravenous access is one of the most commonly performed technical procedures in hospitals and it is mandatory for all patients undergoing surgery. Obtaining peripheral intravenous access may be difficult and this may cause delays in patient management, increased risk of adverse events and hospitalization costs. The aim of this study is to develop and validate a scale to identify patients at risk of peripheral difficult intravenous access, applicable to any adult patient undergoing surgery. Methods: A monocentric, observational study was conducted on adult surgical patients between September 2015 and April 2016. The primary outcome was the identification of parameters that could detect peripheral difficult intravenous access. Several parameters were taken into consideration, including patient details, healthcare professionals, and setting. The sample data were randomly divided into two subsets: a multivariate analysis was performed on the first one to define the Enhanced Adult DIVA score; the second subset was used for its validation. Results: We included 1006 patients (607 in the derivation, 399 in the validation cohorts respectively). The peripheral intravenous access was difficult in 127 patients (12.6%). The EA-DIVA score was devised with a score ranging from 0 to 12. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve area under the curve (AUC) in the validation subset was 0.94. The validation study suggested a cut-off score of 8, which maximizes sensitivity (85.5%) and specificity (89.2%) in detecting difficult peripheral intravenous access, with a positive predictive value of 56% and a negative predictive value of 97.5%. Discussion: The EA-DIVA score is a simple tool to identify patients at high risk of peripheral difficult intravenous access. Its implementation is recommended in order to optimize peripheral intravenous access procedures. {\textcopyright} The Author(s) 2018.",
keywords = "Catheterization, decision-making, difficult intravenous access, intravenous therapy, peripheral cannulas, vascular access devices, adult, Article, body mass, briers score, cardiovascular disease assessment, clinical examination of skin, coagulative disorder, cohort analysis, Enhanced Adult difficult intravenous access score, female, human, major clinical study, male, neurovascular disease, obesity, observational study, predictive value, prospective study, receiver operating characteristic, sensitivity and specificity, vascular access, vascular depletion, vein evaluation, aged, catheterization, clinical decision making, decision support system, middle aged, preoperative care, procedures, reproducibility, risk assessment, risk factor, validation study, Adult, Aged, Catheterization, Peripheral, Clinical Decision-Making, Decision Support Techniques, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Predictive Value of Tests, Preoperative Care, Prospective Studies, Reproducibility of Results, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors",
author = "G. Civetta and S. Cortesi and M. Mancardi and {De Pirro}, A. and M. Vischio and M. Mazzocchi and L. Scudeller and A. Bottazzi and G.A. Iotti and A. Palo",
note = "Export Date: 10 October 2019 CODEN: JVAOA Correspondence Address: Palo, A.; Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit 1, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San MatteoItaly; email: a.palo@smatteo.pv.it Funding details: Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Funding text 1: The authors would like to thank Lorenzo Bellini, MD, Eric Arisi, MD, and all the medical and nursing staff working in the operating theater of the DEA department at Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo of Pavia for their invaluable help in data collection. They would also like to thank Daniele and Davide Bongetta for their suggestions during the writing phase. The author(s) received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. References: Webster, J., Osborne, S., Rickard, C.M., Clinically-indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters (2013) Cochrane database of systematic reviews, p. 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year = "2019",
doi = "10.1177/1129729818804994",
language = "English",
volume = "20",
pages = "281--289",
journal = "Journal of Vascular Access",
issn = "1129-7298",
publisher = "Wichtig Publishing",
number = "3",
}