Early clinical predictors of long-term morbidity in major depressive disorder

Giulia Serra; Athanasios Koukopoulos; Lavinia De Chiara; Alexia E Koukopoulos; Gabriele Sani; Leonardo Tondo; Paolo Girardi; Daniela Reginaldi; Ross J Baldessarini

doi:10.1111/eip.12768

Early clinical predictors of long-term morbidity in major depressive disorder

Giulia Serra, Athanasios Koukopoulos, Lavinia De Chiara, Alexia E Koukopoulos, Gabriele Sani, Leonardo Tondo, Paolo Girardi, Daniela Reginaldi, Ross J Baldessarini

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article

Abstract

AIMS: To identify early clinical factors predictive of later morbidity in major depressive disorder (MDD).

METHODS: We analysed factors associated with long-term depressive morbidity (%-time ill) between a first-lifetime major depressive episode and last follow-up of 116 adults diagnosed with DSM-IV major depressive disorder. Bivariate comparisons were followed by multivariable linear regression modelling.

RESULTS: Three factors were independently associated with an average of 25%-time-depressed over 17 years at risk: (a) agitated-mixed, or psychotic features in initial major depressive episodes, (b) anxiety syndromes prior to a first-lifetime major depressive episode, and (c) anxiety symptoms in childhood.

CONCLUSION: Early anxiety symptoms and syndromes and agitated-mixed or psychotic initial depressive episodes predicted more long-term depressive morbidity in MDD.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	999-1002
Number of pages	4
Journal	Early Intervention in Psychiatry
Volume	13
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1111/eip.12768
Publication status	Published - Aug 2019

Keywords

Adult
Age Factors
Aged
Anxiety Disorders/diagnosis
Child
Comorbidity
Correlation of Data
Depressive Disorder, Major/diagnosis
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Humans
Logistic Models
Male
Middle Aged
Prognosis
Psychotic Disorders/diagnosis
Risk Factors

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Early clinical predictors of long-term morbidity in major depressive disorder. / Serra, Giulia; Koukopoulos, Athanasios; De Chiara, Lavinia; Koukopoulos, Alexia E; Sani, Gabriele; Tondo, Leonardo; Girardi, Paolo; Reginaldi, Daniela; Baldessarini, Ross J.

In: Early Intervention in Psychiatry, Vol. 13, No. 4, 08.2019, p. 999-1002.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article

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abstract = "AIMS: To identify early clinical factors predictive of later morbidity in major depressive disorder (MDD).METHODS: We analysed factors associated with long-term depressive morbidity (%-time ill) between a first-lifetime major depressive episode and last follow-up of 116 adults diagnosed with DSM-IV major depressive disorder. Bivariate comparisons were followed by multivariable linear regression modelling.RESULTS: Three factors were independently associated with an average of 25%-time-depressed over 17 years at risk: (a) agitated-mixed, or psychotic features in initial major depressive episodes, (b) anxiety syndromes prior to a first-lifetime major depressive episode, and (c) anxiety symptoms in childhood.CONCLUSION: Early anxiety symptoms and syndromes and agitated-mixed or psychotic initial depressive episodes predicted more long-term depressive morbidity in MDD.",

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author = "Giulia Serra and Athanasios Koukopoulos and {De Chiara}, Lavinia and Koukopoulos, {Alexia E} and Gabriele Sani and Leonardo Tondo and Paolo Girardi and Daniela Reginaldi and Baldessarini, {Ross J}",

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AU - Serra, Giulia

AU - Koukopoulos, Athanasios

AU - De Chiara, Lavinia

AU - Koukopoulos, Alexia E

AU - Sani, Gabriele

AU - Tondo, Leonardo

AU - Girardi, Paolo

AU - Reginaldi, Daniela

AU - Baldessarini, Ross J

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N2 - AIMS: To identify early clinical factors predictive of later morbidity in major depressive disorder (MDD).METHODS: We analysed factors associated with long-term depressive morbidity (%-time ill) between a first-lifetime major depressive episode and last follow-up of 116 adults diagnosed with DSM-IV major depressive disorder. Bivariate comparisons were followed by multivariable linear regression modelling.RESULTS: Three factors were independently associated with an average of 25%-time-depressed over 17 years at risk: (a) agitated-mixed, or psychotic features in initial major depressive episodes, (b) anxiety syndromes prior to a first-lifetime major depressive episode, and (c) anxiety symptoms in childhood.CONCLUSION: Early anxiety symptoms and syndromes and agitated-mixed or psychotic initial depressive episodes predicted more long-term depressive morbidity in MDD.

AB - AIMS: To identify early clinical factors predictive of later morbidity in major depressive disorder (MDD).METHODS: We analysed factors associated with long-term depressive morbidity (%-time ill) between a first-lifetime major depressive episode and last follow-up of 116 adults diagnosed with DSM-IV major depressive disorder. Bivariate comparisons were followed by multivariable linear regression modelling.RESULTS: Three factors were independently associated with an average of 25%-time-depressed over 17 years at risk: (a) agitated-mixed, or psychotic features in initial major depressive episodes, (b) anxiety syndromes prior to a first-lifetime major depressive episode, and (c) anxiety symptoms in childhood.CONCLUSION: Early anxiety symptoms and syndromes and agitated-mixed or psychotic initial depressive episodes predicted more long-term depressive morbidity in MDD.

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KW - Female

KW - Follow-Up Studies

KW - Genetic Predisposition to Disease

KW - Humans

KW - Logistic Models

KW - Male

KW - Middle Aged

KW - Prognosis

KW - Psychotic Disorders/diagnosis

KW - Risk Factors

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