TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of AMPK activation and combined treatment with AMPK activators and somatostatin on hormone secretion and cell growth in cultured GH-secreting pituitary tumor cells
AU - Tulipano, Giovanni
AU - Faggi, Lara
AU - Losa, Marco
AU - Mortini, Pietro
AU - Spinello, Maurizio
AU - Sibilia, Valeria
AU - Pagani, Francesca
AU - Cocchi, Daniela
AU - Giustina, Andrea
PY - 2013/1/3
Y1 - 2013/1/3
N2 - We investigated the effects of the AMPK activator AICAR as compared to somatostatin-14 on cell viability and GH secretion in human GH-secreting pituitary adenomas in vitro and in rat GH3 cells.Overnight treatment with AICAR increased phospho-(threonine-172) AMPK levels (activated AMPK) in cultured human adenomas.As to the effects on cell viability, four adenomas out of 15 were responsive to AICAR (0.4. mM) and five adenomas were responsive to SS-14 (100. nM). One adenoma was responsive to both somatostatin and AICAR. The effects of cotreatment with SS-14 and AICAR were investigated in eight adenomas. In two adenomas, the effects of AICAR. +. SS-14 did not exceed the effect of AICAR. In two adenomas which were not responsive to either AICAR or SS-14, the cotreatment was able to reduce cell viability versus control. Two adenomas were not responsive to any treatment.As to the effects on GH secretion, nine adenomas out of 15 were responsive to AICAR. Twelve adenomas were responsive to SS-14. Eight adenomas were responsive to both AICAR and SS-14. Cotreatment exceeded the effect of single treatments in 4 out of 10 adenomas.In GH3 cells, AICAR reduced the activity of p70S6 kinase, which plays an important role in cell growth. SS-14 did not affect significantly AMPK phosphorylation and p70S6K activity but it was able to enhance the inhibitory effect of AICAR on phospho-S6 levels. Moreover, AICAR and SS-14 reduced ERK phosphorylation with a different time course. The combined treatment reduced phospho-ERK levels at any time point.
AB - We investigated the effects of the AMPK activator AICAR as compared to somatostatin-14 on cell viability and GH secretion in human GH-secreting pituitary adenomas in vitro and in rat GH3 cells.Overnight treatment with AICAR increased phospho-(threonine-172) AMPK levels (activated AMPK) in cultured human adenomas.As to the effects on cell viability, four adenomas out of 15 were responsive to AICAR (0.4. mM) and five adenomas were responsive to SS-14 (100. nM). One adenoma was responsive to both somatostatin and AICAR. The effects of cotreatment with SS-14 and AICAR were investigated in eight adenomas. In two adenomas, the effects of AICAR. +. SS-14 did not exceed the effect of AICAR. In two adenomas which were not responsive to either AICAR or SS-14, the cotreatment was able to reduce cell viability versus control. Two adenomas were not responsive to any treatment.As to the effects on GH secretion, nine adenomas out of 15 were responsive to AICAR. Twelve adenomas were responsive to SS-14. Eight adenomas were responsive to both AICAR and SS-14. Cotreatment exceeded the effect of single treatments in 4 out of 10 adenomas.In GH3 cells, AICAR reduced the activity of p70S6 kinase, which plays an important role in cell growth. SS-14 did not affect significantly AMPK phosphorylation and p70S6K activity but it was able to enhance the inhibitory effect of AICAR on phospho-S6 levels. Moreover, AICAR and SS-14 reduced ERK phosphorylation with a different time course. The combined treatment reduced phospho-ERK levels at any time point.
KW - AMP-activated protein kinase
KW - Growth hormone
KW - Pituitary adenomas
KW - Somatostatin
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84871382514&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84871382514&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.mce.2012.10.017
DO - 10.1016/j.mce.2012.10.017
M3 - Article
C2 - 23116772
AN - SCOPUS:84871382514
VL - 365
SP - 197
EP - 206
JO - Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
JF - Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
SN - 0303-7207
IS - 2
ER -