TY - JOUR
T1 - Electrolyte abnormalities in cystic fibrosis
T2 - Systematic review of the literature
AU - Scurati-Manzoni, Elisabetta
AU - Fossali, Emilio F.
AU - Agostoni, Carlo
AU - Riva, Enrica
AU - Simonetti, Giacomo D.
AU - Zanolari-Calderari, Maura
AU - Bianchetti, Mario G.
AU - Lava, Sebastiano A G
PY - 2014
Y1 - 2014
N2 - Background: Cystic fibrosis per se can sometimes lead to hyponatremia, hypokalemia, hypochloremia or hyperbicarbonatemia. This tendency was first documented 60 years ago and has subsequently been confirmed in single case reports or small case series, most of which were retrospective. However, this issue has not been addressed analytically. We have therefore systematically reviewed and analyzed the available literature on this subject. Methods: This was a systematic review of the literature. Results: The reports included in this review cover 172 subacute and 90 chronic cases of electrolyte imbalances in patients with cystic fibrosis. The male:female ratio was 1.57. Electrolyte abnormalities were mostly associated with clinically inapparent fluid volume depletion, mainly affected patients aged ≤2.5 years, frequently tended to recur and often were found before the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis was established. Subacute presentation often included an history of heat exposure, vomiting, excessive sweating and pulmonary infection. History of chronic presentation, in contrast, was often inconspicuous. The tendency to hypochloremia, hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis was similar between subacute and chronic patients, with hyponatremia being more pronounced (P
AB - Background: Cystic fibrosis per se can sometimes lead to hyponatremia, hypokalemia, hypochloremia or hyperbicarbonatemia. This tendency was first documented 60 years ago and has subsequently been confirmed in single case reports or small case series, most of which were retrospective. However, this issue has not been addressed analytically. We have therefore systematically reviewed and analyzed the available literature on this subject. Methods: This was a systematic review of the literature. Results: The reports included in this review cover 172 subacute and 90 chronic cases of electrolyte imbalances in patients with cystic fibrosis. The male:female ratio was 1.57. Electrolyte abnormalities were mostly associated with clinically inapparent fluid volume depletion, mainly affected patients aged ≤2.5 years, frequently tended to recur and often were found before the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis was established. Subacute presentation often included an history of heat exposure, vomiting, excessive sweating and pulmonary infection. History of chronic presentation, in contrast, was often inconspicuous. The tendency to hypochloremia, hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis was similar between subacute and chronic patients, with hyponatremia being more pronounced (P
KW - Cystic fibrosis
KW - Hypokalemia
KW - Hyponatremia
KW - Metabolic alkalosis
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U2 - 10.1007/s00467-013-2712-4
DO - 10.1007/s00467-013-2712-4
M3 - Article
C2 - 24326787
AN - SCOPUS:84901640975
VL - 29
SP - 1015
EP - 1023
JO - Pediatric Nephrology
JF - Pediatric Nephrology
SN - 0931-041X
IS - 6
ER -