Abstract
Methods: Eight high-level (HLG) and eight regional-level (RLG) skiers performed a 5-min sub-maximal DP trial, roller skiing on a treadmill at 14 km h−1 and 2°. Energetic cost (ECDP), center of mass (COM) vertical displacement range, body inclination (θ, i.e., the angle between the vertical line and the line passing through COM and a fixed pivot point identified at feet level) and mechanical work associated to COM motion were analyzed. Pole and joint kinematics, poling forces and cycle timing were also considered.
Results: HLG showed lower ECDP than RLG, smaller COM vertical displacement range and mechanical work, whereas higher θ during the early part of the poling phase (P max) and the minimum value of COM vertical displacement resulted the COM-related parameters that better predict ECDP (AdjR2 = 0.734; P max positively related to poling force integrals and cycle duration (P
Conclusions: A pronounced body inclination during the early poling phase and a reduced COM vertical displacement range concur in explaining the differences in ECDP found between the groups and among the skiers. A mechanically advantageous motion of COM during DP improves poling effectiveness, reduces cycle frequency and the mechanical work sustained.
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the energetics and the biomechanics of double poling technique (DP) in two groups of cross-country skiers.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 969-979 |
| Number of pages | 11 |
| Journal | European Journal of Applied Physiology |
| Volume | 115 |
| Issue number | 5 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - May 1 2015 |
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Keywords
- COM
- Cross-country skiing
- Energetic cost
- Poling force
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
- Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
- Physiology (medical)
- Medicine(all)
Cite this
Energetics and biomechanics of double poling in regional and high-level cross-country skiers. / Zoppirolli, Chiara; Pellegrini, Barbara; Bortolan, Lorenzo; Schena, Federico.
In: European Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol. 115, No. 5, 01.05.2015, p. 969-979.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Energetics and biomechanics of double poling in regional and high-level cross-country skiers
AU - Zoppirolli, Chiara
AU - Pellegrini, Barbara
AU - Bortolan, Lorenzo
AU - Schena, Federico
PY - 2015/5/1
Y1 - 2015/5/1
N2 - Methods: Eight high-level (HLG) and eight regional-level (RLG) skiers performed a 5-min sub-maximal DP trial, roller skiing on a treadmill at 14 km h−1 and 2°. Energetic cost (ECDP), center of mass (COM) vertical displacement range, body inclination (θ, i.e., the angle between the vertical line and the line passing through COM and a fixed pivot point identified at feet level) and mechanical work associated to COM motion were analyzed. Pole and joint kinematics, poling forces and cycle timing were also considered.Results: HLG showed lower ECDP than RLG, smaller COM vertical displacement range and mechanical work, whereas higher θ during the early part of the poling phase (P max) and the minimum value of COM vertical displacement resulted the COM-related parameters that better predict ECDP (AdjR2 = 0.734; P max positively related to poling force integrals and cycle duration (P Conclusions: A pronounced body inclination during the early poling phase and a reduced COM vertical displacement range concur in explaining the differences in ECDP found between the groups and among the skiers. A mechanically advantageous motion of COM during DP improves poling effectiveness, reduces cycle frequency and the mechanical work sustained.Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the energetics and the biomechanics of double poling technique (DP) in two groups of cross-country skiers.
AB - Methods: Eight high-level (HLG) and eight regional-level (RLG) skiers performed a 5-min sub-maximal DP trial, roller skiing on a treadmill at 14 km h−1 and 2°. Energetic cost (ECDP), center of mass (COM) vertical displacement range, body inclination (θ, i.e., the angle between the vertical line and the line passing through COM and a fixed pivot point identified at feet level) and mechanical work associated to COM motion were analyzed. Pole and joint kinematics, poling forces and cycle timing were also considered.Results: HLG showed lower ECDP than RLG, smaller COM vertical displacement range and mechanical work, whereas higher θ during the early part of the poling phase (P max) and the minimum value of COM vertical displacement resulted the COM-related parameters that better predict ECDP (AdjR2 = 0.734; P max positively related to poling force integrals and cycle duration (P Conclusions: A pronounced body inclination during the early poling phase and a reduced COM vertical displacement range concur in explaining the differences in ECDP found between the groups and among the skiers. A mechanically advantageous motion of COM during DP improves poling effectiveness, reduces cycle frequency and the mechanical work sustained.Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the energetics and the biomechanics of double poling technique (DP) in two groups of cross-country skiers.
KW - COM
KW - Cross-country skiing
KW - Energetic cost
KW - Poling force
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84928334777&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84928334777&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s00421-014-3078-4
DO - 10.1007/s00421-014-3078-4
M3 - Article
C2 - 25515019
AN - SCOPUS:84928334777
VL - 115
SP - 969
EP - 979
JO - European Journal of Applied Physiology
JF - European Journal of Applied Physiology
SN - 1439-6319
IS - 5
ER -