Abstract
Gram-positive pathogens are a major cause of community-acquired and hospital-acquired infections, and exhibit a remarkable ability to develop antibiotic resistance. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), glycopeptide-resistant enterococci (GRE) and multidrug-resistant pneumococci are currently the major resistance challenges among Gram-positives, due to their global dissemination and overall clinical impact. The mechanisms of evolution of these resistance phenotypes are based on a diverse array of mutational events and gene transfer phenomena carried out by several types of mobile genetic elements, followed by the dissemination of successful resistant clones. Resistance to glycopeptides in staphylococci remains uncommon, likely due to fitness issues. Resistance to the new anti-Gram-positive agents (linezolid, daptomycin and tigecycline) overall remains very rare. However, a transferable resistance mechanism to linezolid, mediated by ribosomal target modification by the Cfr protein, has recently emerged among S. aureus, being a matter of raising concern. Linezolid resistance among enterococci and coagulase-negative staphylococci is also increasingly reported. Moreover, a role for antibiotic resistance has been advocated in the recent increase of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) associated with the emergence of hypervirulent strains.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 582-588 |
| Number of pages | 7 |
| Journal | Current Opinion in Microbiology |
| Volume | 13 |
| Issue number | 5 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Oct 2010 |
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ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology (medical)
- Microbiology
Cite this
Epidemiology and clinical relevance of microbial resistance determinants versus anti-Gram-positive agents. / Rossolini, Gian Maria; Mantengoli, Elisabetta; Montagnani, Francesca; Pollini, Simona.
In: Current Opinion in Microbiology, Vol. 13, No. 5, 10.2010, p. 582-588.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Epidemiology and clinical relevance of microbial resistance determinants versus anti-Gram-positive agents
AU - Rossolini, Gian Maria
AU - Mantengoli, Elisabetta
AU - Montagnani, Francesca
AU - Pollini, Simona
PY - 2010/10
Y1 - 2010/10
N2 - Gram-positive pathogens are a major cause of community-acquired and hospital-acquired infections, and exhibit a remarkable ability to develop antibiotic resistance. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), glycopeptide-resistant enterococci (GRE) and multidrug-resistant pneumococci are currently the major resistance challenges among Gram-positives, due to their global dissemination and overall clinical impact. The mechanisms of evolution of these resistance phenotypes are based on a diverse array of mutational events and gene transfer phenomena carried out by several types of mobile genetic elements, followed by the dissemination of successful resistant clones. Resistance to glycopeptides in staphylococci remains uncommon, likely due to fitness issues. Resistance to the new anti-Gram-positive agents (linezolid, daptomycin and tigecycline) overall remains very rare. However, a transferable resistance mechanism to linezolid, mediated by ribosomal target modification by the Cfr protein, has recently emerged among S. aureus, being a matter of raising concern. Linezolid resistance among enterococci and coagulase-negative staphylococci is also increasingly reported. Moreover, a role for antibiotic resistance has been advocated in the recent increase of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) associated with the emergence of hypervirulent strains.
AB - Gram-positive pathogens are a major cause of community-acquired and hospital-acquired infections, and exhibit a remarkable ability to develop antibiotic resistance. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), glycopeptide-resistant enterococci (GRE) and multidrug-resistant pneumococci are currently the major resistance challenges among Gram-positives, due to their global dissemination and overall clinical impact. The mechanisms of evolution of these resistance phenotypes are based on a diverse array of mutational events and gene transfer phenomena carried out by several types of mobile genetic elements, followed by the dissemination of successful resistant clones. Resistance to glycopeptides in staphylococci remains uncommon, likely due to fitness issues. Resistance to the new anti-Gram-positive agents (linezolid, daptomycin and tigecycline) overall remains very rare. However, a transferable resistance mechanism to linezolid, mediated by ribosomal target modification by the Cfr protein, has recently emerged among S. aureus, being a matter of raising concern. Linezolid resistance among enterococci and coagulase-negative staphylococci is also increasingly reported. Moreover, a role for antibiotic resistance has been advocated in the recent increase of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) associated with the emergence of hypervirulent strains.
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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=77957783156&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.mib.2010.08.006
DO - 10.1016/j.mib.2010.08.006
M3 - Article
C2 - 20846900
AN - SCOPUS:77957783156
VL - 13
SP - 582
EP - 588
JO - Current Opinion in Microbiology
JF - Current Opinion in Microbiology
SN - 1369-5274
IS - 5
ER -