Abstract
An effects-directed strategy was applied to bed sediments of a polluted tributary in order to isolate and identify the major estrogenic chemicals it discharges into the River Po, the principal Italian watercourse. Sediment extract was concentrated by solid phase extraction and then fractioned into 10 fractions by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Estrogenic activity of whole extract and fractions were determined using a recombinant yeast assay containing the human estrogen receptor (YES). The 10 fractions and whole extract were analysed for target compounds, e.g. estrone (E1), 17β-estradiol (E2), estriol (E3), 4-nonylphenol (NP), 4-tert-octylphenol (t-OP), bisphenol A (BPA), using both liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and non-competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The YES assay determined high estrogenic activity in whole sediment (15.6 ng/g EE2 equivalents), and positive results for fractions nr 1, 2, 6, 7 and 8. E1, E3 and NP were the main estrogenic chemicals, however, other unidentified compounds contributed to sediment estrogenicity, particularly for polar fractions nr 1 and 2. A GC-MS screening performed in scan mode identified other potential contributors such as phthalates (DBP, BBP), and OP isomers. A next sampling campaign extended to other tributaries and receiving stretches of the River Po confirmed E1, E3 and NP as major estrogenic chemicals potentially threatening other sites of the main river. In general, target compound ELISAs have been shown to be suitable tools for a rapid screening of wide areas or large numbers of environmental samples for estrogenic risk. The potential for interferences suggests however to use cautiously the concentration values obtained from some of the immunoassays.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1078-1089 |
| Number of pages | 12 |
| Journal | Chemosphere |
| Volume | 73 |
| Issue number | 7 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Oct 2008 |
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Keywords
- ELISA
- Estrogenic pollutants
- HPLC fractionation
- River Po
- River sediment
- YES assay
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Environmental Chemistry
- Chemistry(all)
Cite this
Estrogenicity profile and estrogenic compounds determined in river sediments by chemical analysis, ELISA and yeast assays. / Viganò, Luigi; Benfenati, Emilio; Cauwenberge, Anne van; Eidem, Janne K.; Erratico, Claudio; Goksøyr, Anders; Kloas, Werner; Maggioni, Silvia; Mandich, Alberta; Urbatzka, Ralph.
In: Chemosphere, Vol. 73, No. 7, 10.2008, p. 1078-1089.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Estrogenicity profile and estrogenic compounds determined in river sediments by chemical analysis, ELISA and yeast assays
AU - Viganò, Luigi
AU - Benfenati, Emilio
AU - Cauwenberge, Anne van
AU - Eidem, Janne K.
AU - Erratico, Claudio
AU - Goksøyr, Anders
AU - Kloas, Werner
AU - Maggioni, Silvia
AU - Mandich, Alberta
AU - Urbatzka, Ralph
PY - 2008/10
Y1 - 2008/10
N2 - An effects-directed strategy was applied to bed sediments of a polluted tributary in order to isolate and identify the major estrogenic chemicals it discharges into the River Po, the principal Italian watercourse. Sediment extract was concentrated by solid phase extraction and then fractioned into 10 fractions by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Estrogenic activity of whole extract and fractions were determined using a recombinant yeast assay containing the human estrogen receptor (YES). The 10 fractions and whole extract were analysed for target compounds, e.g. estrone (E1), 17β-estradiol (E2), estriol (E3), 4-nonylphenol (NP), 4-tert-octylphenol (t-OP), bisphenol A (BPA), using both liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and non-competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The YES assay determined high estrogenic activity in whole sediment (15.6 ng/g EE2 equivalents), and positive results for fractions nr 1, 2, 6, 7 and 8. E1, E3 and NP were the main estrogenic chemicals, however, other unidentified compounds contributed to sediment estrogenicity, particularly for polar fractions nr 1 and 2. A GC-MS screening performed in scan mode identified other potential contributors such as phthalates (DBP, BBP), and OP isomers. A next sampling campaign extended to other tributaries and receiving stretches of the River Po confirmed E1, E3 and NP as major estrogenic chemicals potentially threatening other sites of the main river. In general, target compound ELISAs have been shown to be suitable tools for a rapid screening of wide areas or large numbers of environmental samples for estrogenic risk. The potential for interferences suggests however to use cautiously the concentration values obtained from some of the immunoassays.
AB - An effects-directed strategy was applied to bed sediments of a polluted tributary in order to isolate and identify the major estrogenic chemicals it discharges into the River Po, the principal Italian watercourse. Sediment extract was concentrated by solid phase extraction and then fractioned into 10 fractions by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Estrogenic activity of whole extract and fractions were determined using a recombinant yeast assay containing the human estrogen receptor (YES). The 10 fractions and whole extract were analysed for target compounds, e.g. estrone (E1), 17β-estradiol (E2), estriol (E3), 4-nonylphenol (NP), 4-tert-octylphenol (t-OP), bisphenol A (BPA), using both liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and non-competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The YES assay determined high estrogenic activity in whole sediment (15.6 ng/g EE2 equivalents), and positive results for fractions nr 1, 2, 6, 7 and 8. E1, E3 and NP were the main estrogenic chemicals, however, other unidentified compounds contributed to sediment estrogenicity, particularly for polar fractions nr 1 and 2. A GC-MS screening performed in scan mode identified other potential contributors such as phthalates (DBP, BBP), and OP isomers. A next sampling campaign extended to other tributaries and receiving stretches of the River Po confirmed E1, E3 and NP as major estrogenic chemicals potentially threatening other sites of the main river. In general, target compound ELISAs have been shown to be suitable tools for a rapid screening of wide areas or large numbers of environmental samples for estrogenic risk. The potential for interferences suggests however to use cautiously the concentration values obtained from some of the immunoassays.
KW - ELISA
KW - Estrogenic pollutants
KW - HPLC fractionation
KW - River Po
KW - River sediment
KW - YES assay
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=53049086947&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=53049086947&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.07.057
DO - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.07.057
M3 - Article
C2 - 18799186
AN - SCOPUS:53049086947
VL - 73
SP - 1078
EP - 1089
JO - Chemosphere
JF - Chemosphere
SN - 0045-6535
IS - 7
ER -