Evaluation of HIV transmission clusters among natives and foreigners living in Italy

L. Fabeni; M.M. Santoro; P. Lorenzini; S. Rusconi; N. Gianotti; A. Costantini; L. Sarmati; A. Antinori; F. Ceccherini-Silberstein; A. d'Arminio Monforte; A. Saracino; E. Girardi; A. Castagna; F. Castelli; R. Cauda; G. Di Perri; M. Galli; R. Iardino; G. Ippolito; A. Lazzarin; G.C. Marchetti; G. Rezza; F. von Schloesser; P. Viale; A. Cozzi-Lepri; A. Gori; S. Lo Caputo; F. Maggiolo; C. Mussini; M. Puoti; C.F. Perno; F. Bai; A. Bandera; S. Bonora; M. Borderi; A. Calcagno; M.R. Capobianchi; S. Cicalini; A. Cingolani; P. Cinque; A. Di Biagio; R. Gagliardini; G. Guaraldi; G. Lapadula; M. Lichtner; A. Lai; G. Madeddu; E. Merlini; S. Nozza; S. Piconi; C. Pinnetti; E. Quiros Roldan; R. Rossotti; V. Spagnuolo; V. Svicher; L. Taramasso; I. Fanti; L. Galli; A. Rodano; M. Macchia; A. Tavelli; A. Bove; A. Camposeragna; M. Errico; M. Manfredini; A. Perziano; V. Calvino; S. Carrara; A. Di Caro; S. Graziano; F. Petroni; G. Prota; S. Truffa; A. Giacometti; V. Barocci; G. Angarano; L. Monno; E. Milano; C. Suardi; V. Donati; G. Verucchi; F. Castelnuovo; C. Minardi; B. Menzaghi; C. Abeli; L. Chessa; F. Pes; B. Cacopardo; B. Celesia; J. Vecchiet; K. Falasca; A. Pan; S. Lorenzotti; L. Sighinolfi; D. Segala; P. Blanc; F. Vichi; G. Cassola; M. Bassetti; A. Alessandrini; N. Bobbio; G. Mazzarello; L. Fondaco; P. Bonfanti; C. Molteni; A. Chiodera; P. Milini; G. Nunnari; G. Pellicanò; G. Rizzardini; E.S. Cannizzo; M.C. Moioli; R. Piolini; D. Bernacchia; A. Poli; C. Tincati; C. Puzzolante; C. Migliorino; V. Sangiovanni; G. Borgia; V. Esposito; G. Di Flumeri; I. Gentile; V. Rizzo; A.M. Cattelan; S. Marinello; A. Cascio; M. Trizzino; D. Francisci; E. Schiaroli; G. Parruti; F. Sozio; C. Lazzaretti; R. Corsini; A. Cristaudo; V. Vullo; R. Acinapura; S. Lamonica; M. Capozzi; A. Mondi; M. Rivano Capparuccia; G. Iaiani; A. Latini; G. Onnelli; M.M. Plazzi; G. de Girolamo; A. Vergori; M. Cecchetto; F. Viviani; A. de Vito; B. Rossetti; F. Montagnani; A. Franco; R. Fontana Del Vecchio; C. Di Giuli; P. Caramello; G.C. Orofino; M. Sciandra; A. Londero; V. Manfrin; G. Battagin; G. Starnini; A. Ialungo; The Icona Foundation Study Cohort

doi:10.3390/v12080791

Evaluation of HIV transmission clusters among natives and foreigners living in Italy

L. Fabeni, M.M. Santoro, P. Lorenzini, S. Rusconi, N. Gianotti, A. Costantini, L. Sarmati, A. Antinori, F. Ceccherini-Silberstein, A. d'Arminio Monforte, A. Saracino, E. Girardi, A. Castagna, F. Castelli, R. Cauda, G. Di Perri, M. Galli, R. Iardino, G. Ippolito, A. LazzarinG.C. Marchetti, G. Rezza, F. von Schloesser, P. Viale, A. Cozzi-Lepri, A. Gori, S. Lo Caputo, F. Maggiolo, C. Mussini, M. Puoti, C.F. Perno, F. Bai, A. Bandera, S. Bonora, M. Borderi, A. Calcagno, M.R. Capobianchi, S. Cicalini, A. Cingolani, P. Cinque, A. Di Biagio, R. Gagliardini, G. Guaraldi, G. Lapadula, M. Lichtner, A. Lai, G. Madeddu, E. Merlini, S. Nozza, S. Piconi, C. Pinnetti, E. Quiros Roldan, R. Rossotti, V. Spagnuolo, V. Svicher, L. Taramasso, I. Fanti, L. Galli, A. Rodano, M. Macchia, A. Tavelli, A. Bove, A. Camposeragna, M. Errico, M. Manfredini, A. Perziano, V. Calvino, S. Carrara, A. Di Caro, S. Graziano, F. Petroni, G. Prota, S. Truffa, A. Giacometti, V. Barocci, G. Angarano, L. Monno, E. Milano, C. Suardi, V. Donati, G. Verucchi, F. Castelnuovo, C. Minardi, B. Menzaghi, C. Abeli, L. Chessa, F. Pes, B. Cacopardo, B. Celesia, J. Vecchiet, K. Falasca, A. Pan, S. Lorenzotti, L. Sighinolfi, D. Segala, P. Blanc, F. Vichi, G. Cassola, M. Bassetti, A. Alessandrini, N. Bobbio, G. Mazzarello, L. Fondaco, P. Bonfanti, C. Molteni, A. Chiodera, P. Milini, G. Nunnari, G. Pellicanò, G. Rizzardini, E.S. Cannizzo, M.C. Moioli, R. Piolini, D. Bernacchia, A. Poli, C. Tincati, C. Puzzolante, C. Migliorino, V. Sangiovanni, G. Borgia, V. Esposito, G. Di Flumeri, I. Gentile, V. Rizzo, A.M. Cattelan, S. Marinello, A. Cascio, M. Trizzino, D. Francisci, E. Schiaroli, G. Parruti, F. Sozio, C. Lazzaretti, R. Corsini, A. Cristaudo, V. Vullo, R. Acinapura, S. Lamonica, M. Capozzi, A. Mondi, M. Rivano Capparuccia, G. Iaiani, A. Latini, G. Onnelli, M.M. Plazzi, G. de Girolamo, A. Vergori, M. Cecchetto, F. Viviani, A. de Vito, B. Rossetti, F. Montagnani, A. Franco, R. Fontana Del Vecchio, C. Di Giuli, P. Caramello, G.C. Orofino, M. Sciandra, A. Londero, V. Manfrin, G. Battagin, G. Starnini, A. Ialungo, The Icona Foundation Study Cohort

IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

We aimed at evaluating the characteristics of HIV-1 molecular transmission clusters (MTCs) among natives and migrants living in Italy, diagnosed between 1998 and 2018. Phylogenetic analyses were performed on HIV-1 polymerase (pol) sequences to characterise subtypes and identify MTCs, divided into small (SMTCs, 2-3 sequences), medium (MMTCs, 4-9 sequences) and large (LMTCs, ≥10 sequences). Among 3499 drug-naïve individuals enrolled in the Italian Cohort Naive Antiretroviral (ICONA) cohort (2804 natives; 695 migrants), 726 (20.8%; 644 natives, 82 migrants) were involved in 228 MTCs (6 LMTCs, 36 MMTCs, 186 SMTCs). Migrants contributed 14.4% to SMTCs, 7.6% to MMTCs and 7.1% to LMTCs, respectively. HIV-1 non-B subtypes were found in 51 MTCs; noteworthy was that non-B infections involved in MTCs were more commonly found in natives (n = 47) than in migrants (n = 4). Factors such as Italian origin, being men who have sex with men (MSM), younger age, more recent diagnosis and a higher CD4 count were significantly associated with MTCs. Our findings show that HIV-1 clustering transmission among newly diagnosed individuals living in Italy is prevalently driven by natives, mainly MSM, with a more recent diagnosis and frequently infected with HIV-1 non-B subtypes. These results can contribute to monitoring of the HIV epidemic and guiding the public health response to prevent new HIV infections. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Original language	English
Journal	Viruses
Volume	12
Issue number	8
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/v12080791
Publication status	Published - 2020

Keywords

Bioinformatics
Cluster detection
Drug resistance testing
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Migrants
Molecular epidemiology
Phylogenetic analysis
Risk factors
Subtypes
Transmission networks and clusters

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10.3390/v12080791

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Fabeni, L., Santoro, M. M., Lorenzini, P., Rusconi, S., Gianotti, N., Costantini, A., Sarmati, L., Antinori, A., Ceccherini-Silberstein, F., d'Arminio Monforte, A., Saracino, A., Girardi, E., Castagna, A., Castelli, F., Cauda, R., Di Perri, G., Galli, M., Iardino, R., Ippolito, G., ... Cohort, T. I. F. S. (2020). Evaluation of HIV transmission clusters among natives and foreigners living in Italy. Viruses, 12(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/v12080791

Evaluation of HIV transmission clusters among natives and foreigners living in Italy. / Fabeni, L.; Santoro, M.M.; Lorenzini, P.; Rusconi, S.; Gianotti, N.; Costantini, A.; Sarmati, L.; Antinori, A.; Ceccherini-Silberstein, F.; d'Arminio Monforte, A.; Saracino, A.; Girardi, E.; Castagna, A.; Castelli, F.; Cauda, R.; Di Perri, G.; Galli, M.; Iardino, R.; Ippolito, G.; Lazzarin, A.; Marchetti, G.C.; Rezza, G.; von Schloesser, F.; Viale, P.; Cozzi-Lepri, A.; Gori, A.; Lo Caputo, S.; Maggiolo, F.; Mussini, C.; Puoti, M.; Perno, C.F.; Bai, F.; Bandera, A.; Bonora, S.; Borderi, M.; Calcagno, A.; Capobianchi, M.R.; Cicalini, S.; Cingolani, A.; Cinque, P.; Di Biagio, A.; Gagliardini, R.; Guaraldi, G.; Lapadula, G.; Lichtner, M.; Lai, A.; Madeddu, G.; Merlini, E.; Nozza, S.; Piconi, S.; Pinnetti, C.; Quiros Roldan, E.; Rossotti, R.; Spagnuolo, V.; Svicher, V.; Taramasso, L.; Fanti, I.; Galli, L.; Rodano, A.; Macchia, M.; Tavelli, A.; Bove, A.; Camposeragna, A.; Errico, M.; Manfredini, M.; Perziano, A.; Calvino, V.; Carrara, S.; Di Caro, A.; Graziano, S.; Petroni, F.; Prota, G.; Truffa, S.; Giacometti, A.; Barocci, V.; Angarano, G.; Monno, L.; Milano, E.; Suardi, C.; Donati, V.; Verucchi, G.; Castelnuovo, F.; Minardi, C.; Menzaghi, B.; Abeli, C.; Chessa, L.; Pes, F.; Cacopardo, B.; Celesia, B.; Vecchiet, J.; Falasca, K.; Pan, A.; Lorenzotti, S.; Sighinolfi, L.; Segala, D.; Blanc, P.; Vichi, F.; Cassola, G.; Bassetti, M.; Alessandrini, A.; Bobbio, N.; Mazzarello, G.; Fondaco, L.; Bonfanti, P.; Molteni, C.; Chiodera, A.; Milini, P.; Nunnari, G.; Pellicanò, G.; Rizzardini, G.; Cannizzo, E.S.; Moioli, M.C.; Piolini, R.; Bernacchia, D.; Poli, A.; Tincati, C.; Puzzolante, C.; Migliorino, C.; Sangiovanni, V.; Borgia, G.; Esposito, V.; Di Flumeri, G.; Gentile, I.; Rizzo, V.; Cattelan, A.M.; Marinello, S.; Cascio, A.; Trizzino, M.; Francisci, D.; Schiaroli, E.; Parruti, G.; Sozio, F.; Lazzaretti, C.; Corsini, R.; Cristaudo, A.; Vullo, V.; Acinapura, R.; Lamonica, S.; Capozzi, M.; Mondi, A.; Rivano Capparuccia, M.; Iaiani, G.; Latini, A.; Onnelli, G.; Plazzi, M.M.; de Girolamo, G.; Vergori, A.; Cecchetto, M.; Viviani, F.; de Vito, A.; Rossetti, B.; Montagnani, F.; Franco, A.; Fontana Del Vecchio, R.; Di Giuli, C.; Caramello, P.; Orofino, G.C.; Sciandra, M.; Londero, A.; Manfrin, V.; Battagin, G.; Starnini, G.; Ialungo, A.; Cohort, The Icona Foundation Study.

In: Viruses, Vol. 12, No. 8, 2020.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Fabeni, L, Santoro, MM, Lorenzini, P, Rusconi, S, Gianotti, N, Costantini, A, Sarmati, L, Antinori, A, Ceccherini-Silberstein, F, d'Arminio Monforte, A, Saracino, A, Girardi, E, Castagna, A, Castelli, F, Cauda, R, Di Perri, G, Galli, M, Iardino, R, Ippolito, G, Lazzarin, A, Marchetti, GC, Rezza, G, von Schloesser, F, Viale, P, Cozzi-Lepri, A, Gori, A, Lo Caputo, S, Maggiolo, F, Mussini, C, Puoti, M, Perno, CF, Bai, F, Bandera, A, Bonora, S, Borderi, M, Calcagno, A, Capobianchi, MR, Cicalini, S, Cingolani, A, Cinque, P, Di Biagio, A, Gagliardini, R, Guaraldi, G, Lapadula, G, Lichtner, M, Lai, A, Madeddu, G, Merlini, E, Nozza, S, Piconi, S, Pinnetti, C, Quiros Roldan, E, Rossotti, R, Spagnuolo, V, Svicher, V, Taramasso, L, Fanti, I, Galli, L, Rodano, A, Macchia, M, Tavelli, A, Bove, A, Camposeragna, A, Errico, M, Manfredini, M, Perziano, A, Calvino, V, Carrara, S, Di Caro, A, Graziano, S, Petroni, F, Prota, G, Truffa, S, Giacometti, A, Barocci, V, Angarano, G, Monno, L, Milano, E, Suardi, C, Donati, V, Verucchi, G, Castelnuovo, F, Minardi, C, Menzaghi, B, Abeli, C, Chessa, L, Pes, F, Cacopardo, B, Celesia, B, Vecchiet, J, Falasca, K, Pan, A, Lorenzotti, S, Sighinolfi, L, Segala, D, Blanc, P, Vichi, F, Cassola, G, Bassetti, M, Alessandrini, A, Bobbio, N, Mazzarello, G, Fondaco, L, Bonfanti, P, Molteni, C, Chiodera, A, Milini, P, Nunnari, G, Pellicanò, G, Rizzardini, G, Cannizzo, ES, Moioli, MC, Piolini, R, Bernacchia, D, Poli, A, Tincati, C, Puzzolante, C, Migliorino, C, Sangiovanni, V, Borgia, G, Esposito, V, Di Flumeri, G, Gentile, I, Rizzo, V, Cattelan, AM, Marinello, S, Cascio, A, Trizzino, M, Francisci, D, Schiaroli, E, Parruti, G, Sozio, F, Lazzaretti, C, Corsini, R, Cristaudo, A, Vullo, V, Acinapura, R, Lamonica, S, Capozzi, M, Mondi, A, Rivano Capparuccia, M, Iaiani, G, Latini, A, Onnelli, G, Plazzi, MM, de Girolamo, G, Vergori, A, Cecchetto, M, Viviani, F, de Vito, A, Rossetti, B, Montagnani, F, Franco, A, Fontana Del Vecchio, R, Di Giuli, C, Caramello, P, Orofino, GC, Sciandra, M, Londero, A, Manfrin, V, Battagin, G, Starnini, G, Ialungo, A & Cohort, TIFS 2020, 'Evaluation of HIV transmission clusters among natives and foreigners living in Italy', Viruses, vol. 12, no. 8. https://doi.org/10.3390/v12080791

Fabeni, L. ; Santoro, M.M. ; Lorenzini, P. ; Rusconi, S. ; Gianotti, N. ; Costantini, A. ; Sarmati, L. ; Antinori, A. ; Ceccherini-Silberstein, F. ; d'Arminio Monforte, A. ; Saracino, A. ; Girardi, E. ; Castagna, A. ; Castelli, F. ; Cauda, R. ; Di Perri, G. ; Galli, M. ; Iardino, R. ; Ippolito, G. ; Lazzarin, A. ; Marchetti, G.C. ; Rezza, G. ; von Schloesser, F. ; Viale, P. ; Cozzi-Lepri, A. ; Gori, A. ; Lo Caputo, S. ; Maggiolo, F. ; Mussini, C. ; Puoti, M. ; Perno, C.F. ; Bai, F. ; Bandera, A. ; Bonora, S. ; Borderi, M. ; Calcagno, A. ; Capobianchi, M.R. ; Cicalini, S. ; Cingolani, A. ; Cinque, P. ; Di Biagio, A. ; Gagliardini, R. ; Guaraldi, G. ; Lapadula, G. ; Lichtner, M. ; Lai, A. ; Madeddu, G. ; Merlini, E. ; Nozza, S. ; Piconi, S. ; Pinnetti, C. ; Quiros Roldan, E. ; Rossotti, R. ; Spagnuolo, V. ; Svicher, V. ; Taramasso, L. ; Fanti, I. ; Galli, L. ; Rodano, A. ; Macchia, M. ; Tavelli, A. ; Bove, A. ; Camposeragna, A. ; Errico, M. ; Manfredini, M. ; Perziano, A. ; Calvino, V. ; Carrara, S. ; Di Caro, A. ; Graziano, S. ; Petroni, F. ; Prota, G. ; Truffa, S. ; Giacometti, A. ; Barocci, V. ; Angarano, G. ; Monno, L. ; Milano, E. ; Suardi, C. ; Donati, V. ; Verucchi, G. ; Castelnuovo, F. ; Minardi, C. ; Menzaghi, B. ; Abeli, C. ; Chessa, L. ; Pes, F. ; Cacopardo, B. ; Celesia, B. ; Vecchiet, J. ; Falasca, K. ; Pan, A. ; Lorenzotti, S. ; Sighinolfi, L. ; Segala, D. ; Blanc, P. ; Vichi, F. ; Cassola, G. ; Bassetti, M. ; Alessandrini, A. ; Bobbio, N. ; Mazzarello, G. ; Fondaco, L. ; Bonfanti, P. ; Molteni, C. ; Chiodera, A. ; Milini, P. ; Nunnari, G. ; Pellicanò, G. ; Rizzardini, G. ; Cannizzo, E.S. ; Moioli, M.C. ; Piolini, R. ; Bernacchia, D. ; Poli, A. ; Tincati, C. ; Puzzolante, C. ; Migliorino, C. ; Sangiovanni, V. ; Borgia, G. ; Esposito, V. ; Di Flumeri, G. ; Gentile, I. ; Rizzo, V. ; Cattelan, A.M. ; Marinello, S. ; Cascio, A. ; Trizzino, M. ; Francisci, D. ; Schiaroli, E. ; Parruti, G. ; Sozio, F. ; Lazzaretti, C. ; Corsini, R. ; Cristaudo, A. ; Vullo, V. ; Acinapura, R. ; Lamonica, S. ; Capozzi, M. ; Mondi, A. ; Rivano Capparuccia, M. ; Iaiani, G. ; Latini, A. ; Onnelli, G. ; Plazzi, M.M. ; de Girolamo, G. ; Vergori, A. ; Cecchetto, M. ; Viviani, F. ; de Vito, A. ; Rossetti, B. ; Montagnani, F. ; Franco, A. ; Fontana Del Vecchio, R. ; Di Giuli, C. ; Caramello, P. ; Orofino, G.C. ; Sciandra, M. ; Londero, A. ; Manfrin, V. ; Battagin, G. ; Starnini, G. ; Ialungo, A. ; Cohort, The Icona Foundation Study. / Evaluation of HIV transmission clusters among natives and foreigners living in Italy. In: Viruses. 2020 ; Vol. 12, No. 8.

@article{08d8cd934d7d4052a55d2acfab94b5d8,

title = "Evaluation of HIV transmission clusters among natives and foreigners living in Italy",

abstract = "We aimed at evaluating the characteristics of HIV-1 molecular transmission clusters (MTCs) among natives and migrants living in Italy, diagnosed between 1998 and 2018. Phylogenetic analyses were performed on HIV-1 polymerase (pol) sequences to characterise subtypes and identify MTCs, divided into small (SMTCs, 2-3 sequences), medium (MMTCs, 4-9 sequences) and large (LMTCs, ≥10 sequences). Among 3499 drug-na{\"i}ve individuals enrolled in the Italian Cohort Naive Antiretroviral (ICONA) cohort (2804 natives; 695 migrants), 726 (20.8%; 644 natives, 82 migrants) were involved in 228 MTCs (6 LMTCs, 36 MMTCs, 186 SMTCs). Migrants contributed 14.4% to SMTCs, 7.6% to MMTCs and 7.1% to LMTCs, respectively. HIV-1 non-B subtypes were found in 51 MTCs; noteworthy was that non-B infections involved in MTCs were more commonly found in natives (n = 47) than in migrants (n = 4). Factors such as Italian origin, being men who have sex with men (MSM), younger age, more recent diagnosis and a higher CD4 count were significantly associated with MTCs. Our findings show that HIV-1 clustering transmission among newly diagnosed individuals living in Italy is prevalently driven by natives, mainly MSM, with a more recent diagnosis and frequently infected with HIV-1 non-B subtypes. These results can contribute to monitoring of the HIV epidemic and guiding the public health response to prevent new HIV infections. {\textcopyright} 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).",

keywords = "Bioinformatics, Cluster detection, Drug resistance testing, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Migrants, Molecular epidemiology, Phylogenetic analysis, Risk factors, Subtypes, Transmission networks and clusters",

author = "L. Fabeni and M.M. Santoro and P. Lorenzini and S. Rusconi and N. Gianotti and A. Costantini and L. Sarmati and A. Antinori and F. Ceccherini-Silberstein and {d'Arminio Monforte}, A. and A. Saracino and E. Girardi and A. Castagna and F. Castelli and R. Cauda and {Di Perri}, G. and M. Galli and R. Iardino and G. Ippolito and A. Lazzarin and G.C. Marchetti and G. Rezza and {von Schloesser}, F. and P. Viale and A. Cozzi-Lepri and A. Gori and {Lo Caputo}, S. and F. Maggiolo and C. Mussini and M. Puoti and C.F. Perno and F. Bai and A. Bandera and S. Bonora and M. Borderi and A. Calcagno and M.R. Capobianchi and S. Cicalini and A. Cingolani and P. Cinque and {Di Biagio}, A. and R. Gagliardini and G. Guaraldi and G. Lapadula and M. Lichtner and A. Lai and G. Madeddu and E. Merlini and S. Nozza and S. Piconi and C. Pinnetti and {Quiros Roldan}, E. and R. Rossotti and V. Spagnuolo and V. Svicher and L. Taramasso and I. Fanti and L. Galli and A. Rodano and M. Macchia and A. Tavelli and A. Bove and A. Camposeragna and M. Errico and M. Manfredini and A. Perziano and V. Calvino and S. Carrara and {Di Caro}, A. and S. Graziano and F. Petroni and G. Prota and S. Truffa and A. Giacometti and V. Barocci and G. Angarano and L. Monno and E. Milano and C. Suardi and V. Donati and G. Verucchi and F. Castelnuovo and C. Minardi and B. Menzaghi and C. Abeli and L. Chessa and F. Pes and B. Cacopardo and B. Celesia and J. Vecchiet and K. Falasca and A. Pan and S. Lorenzotti and L. Sighinolfi and D. Segala and P. Blanc and F. Vichi and G. Cassola and M. Bassetti and A. Alessandrini and N. Bobbio and G. Mazzarello and L. Fondaco and P. Bonfanti and C. Molteni and A. Chiodera and P. Milini and G. Nunnari and G. Pellican{\`o} and G. Rizzardini and E.S. Cannizzo and M.C. Moioli and R. Piolini and D. Bernacchia and A. Poli and C. Tincati and C. Puzzolante and C. Migliorino and V. Sangiovanni and G. Borgia and V. Esposito and {Di Flumeri}, G. and I. Gentile and V. Rizzo and A.M. Cattelan and S. Marinello and A. Cascio and M. Trizzino and D. Francisci and E. Schiaroli and G. Parruti and F. Sozio and C. Lazzaretti and R. Corsini and A. Cristaudo and V. Vullo and R. Acinapura and S. Lamonica and M. Capozzi and A. Mondi and {Rivano Capparuccia}, M. and G. Iaiani and A. Latini and G. Onnelli and M.M. Plazzi and {de Girolamo}, G. and A. Vergori and M. Cecchetto and F. Viviani and {de Vito}, A. and B. Rossetti and F. Montagnani and A. Franco and {Fontana Del Vecchio}, R. and {Di Giuli}, C. and P. Caramello and G.C. Orofino and M. Sciandra and A. Londero and V. Manfrin and G. Battagin and G. Starnini and A. Ialungo and Cohort, {The Icona Foundation Study}",

note = "Cited By :1 Export Date: 11 March 2021 Correspondence Address: Santoro, M.M.; Department of Experimental Medicine, Italy; email: santormaria@gmail.com Funding details: Gilead Sciences Funding text 1: Icona Foundation has received unrestricted grants and grants for specific projects by Gilead, ViiV Healthcare, MSD. No grants for this specific study.",

year = "2020",

doi = "10.3390/v12080791",

language = "English",

volume = "12",

journal = "Viruses",

issn = "1999-4915",

publisher = "MDPI AG",

number = "8",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Evaluation of HIV transmission clusters among natives and foreigners living in Italy

AU - Fabeni, L.

AU - Santoro, M.M.

AU - Lorenzini, P.

AU - Rusconi, S.

AU - Gianotti, N.

AU - Costantini, A.

AU - Sarmati, L.

AU - Antinori, A.

AU - Ceccherini-Silberstein, F.

AU - d'Arminio Monforte, A.

AU - Saracino, A.

AU - Girardi, E.

AU - Castagna, A.

AU - Castelli, F.

AU - Cauda, R.

AU - Di Perri, G.

AU - Galli, M.

AU - Iardino, R.

AU - Ippolito, G.

AU - Lazzarin, A.

AU - Marchetti, G.C.

AU - Rezza, G.

AU - von Schloesser, F.

AU - Viale, P.

AU - Cozzi-Lepri, A.

AU - Gori, A.

AU - Lo Caputo, S.

AU - Maggiolo, F.

AU - Mussini, C.

AU - Puoti, M.

AU - Perno, C.F.

AU - Bai, F.

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N1 - Cited By :1 Export Date: 11 March 2021 Correspondence Address: Santoro, M.M.; Department of Experimental Medicine, Italy; email: santormaria@gmail.com Funding details: Gilead Sciences Funding text 1: Icona Foundation has received unrestricted grants and grants for specific projects by Gilead, ViiV Healthcare, MSD. No grants for this specific study.

PY - 2020

Y1 - 2020

N2 - We aimed at evaluating the characteristics of HIV-1 molecular transmission clusters (MTCs) among natives and migrants living in Italy, diagnosed between 1998 and 2018. Phylogenetic analyses were performed on HIV-1 polymerase (pol) sequences to characterise subtypes and identify MTCs, divided into small (SMTCs, 2-3 sequences), medium (MMTCs, 4-9 sequences) and large (LMTCs, ≥10 sequences). Among 3499 drug-naïve individuals enrolled in the Italian Cohort Naive Antiretroviral (ICONA) cohort (2804 natives; 695 migrants), 726 (20.8%; 644 natives, 82 migrants) were involved in 228 MTCs (6 LMTCs, 36 MMTCs, 186 SMTCs). Migrants contributed 14.4% to SMTCs, 7.6% to MMTCs and 7.1% to LMTCs, respectively. HIV-1 non-B subtypes were found in 51 MTCs; noteworthy was that non-B infections involved in MTCs were more commonly found in natives (n = 47) than in migrants (n = 4). Factors such as Italian origin, being men who have sex with men (MSM), younger age, more recent diagnosis and a higher CD4 count were significantly associated with MTCs. Our findings show that HIV-1 clustering transmission among newly diagnosed individuals living in Italy is prevalently driven by natives, mainly MSM, with a more recent diagnosis and frequently infected with HIV-1 non-B subtypes. These results can contribute to monitoring of the HIV epidemic and guiding the public health response to prevent new HIV infections. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

AB - We aimed at evaluating the characteristics of HIV-1 molecular transmission clusters (MTCs) among natives and migrants living in Italy, diagnosed between 1998 and 2018. Phylogenetic analyses were performed on HIV-1 polymerase (pol) sequences to characterise subtypes and identify MTCs, divided into small (SMTCs, 2-3 sequences), medium (MMTCs, 4-9 sequences) and large (LMTCs, ≥10 sequences). Among 3499 drug-naïve individuals enrolled in the Italian Cohort Naive Antiretroviral (ICONA) cohort (2804 natives; 695 migrants), 726 (20.8%; 644 natives, 82 migrants) were involved in 228 MTCs (6 LMTCs, 36 MMTCs, 186 SMTCs). Migrants contributed 14.4% to SMTCs, 7.6% to MMTCs and 7.1% to LMTCs, respectively. HIV-1 non-B subtypes were found in 51 MTCs; noteworthy was that non-B infections involved in MTCs were more commonly found in natives (n = 47) than in migrants (n = 4). Factors such as Italian origin, being men who have sex with men (MSM), younger age, more recent diagnosis and a higher CD4 count were significantly associated with MTCs. Our findings show that HIV-1 clustering transmission among newly diagnosed individuals living in Italy is prevalently driven by natives, mainly MSM, with a more recent diagnosis and frequently infected with HIV-1 non-B subtypes. These results can contribute to monitoring of the HIV epidemic and guiding the public health response to prevent new HIV infections. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

KW - Bioinformatics

KW - Cluster detection

KW - Drug resistance testing

KW - Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

KW - Migrants

KW - Molecular epidemiology

KW - Phylogenetic analysis

KW - Risk factors

KW - Subtypes

KW - Transmission networks and clusters

U2 - 10.3390/v12080791

DO - 10.3390/v12080791

M3 - Article

VL - 12

JO - Viruses

JF - Viruses

SN - 1999-4915

IS - 8

ER -