TY - JOUR
T1 - Factors, including transforming growth factor β, released in the glioblastoma residual cavity, impair activity of adherent lymphokine-activated killer cells
AU - Ruffini, Pier Adelchi
AU - Rivoltini, Licia
AU - Silvani, Antonio
AU - Boiardi, Amerigo
AU - Parmiani, Giorgio
PY - 1993/11
Y1 - 1993/11
N2 - Adherent lymphokine-activated killer (A-LAK) cells were obtained from peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with recurrent glioblastoma. In vitro features of A-LAK cultures were assessed in comparison to those of non-adherent lymphokine-activated killer (NA-LAK) cells of the same patients with regard to cytotoxic activity, proliferation and surface markers. Only in a minority of cases did A-LAK cells show a markedly higher cytotoxicity on K562, Daudi and allogeneic glioblastoma cells. Nevertheless, A-LAK cells proliferated significantly better than NA-LAK and contained higher percentages of CD16+, CD56+ and CD25+ cells, indicating that A-LAK cells from these patients represent a subpopulation of lymphocytes enriched for activated natural killer cells. We also investigated whether immunosuppressive factor(s) were present in the tumour bed of recurrent gliomas. To this end, samples of glioblastoma cavity fluid (GCF), which accumulates in the cavity of subtotally removed tumour, were recovered and tested for the presence of immunosuppressive activity. All GCF samples analysed were shown to inhibit in vitro proliferation and antitumour cytotoxicity of 1-week-cultured A-LAK cells in a dose-dependent manner. Such GCF activity was effectively antagonized by a transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) neutralizing antibody, indicating the involvement of TGFβ in lymphocyte inhibition. These results show that in the tumour cavity remaining after subtotal glioblastoma resection a marked immunosuppressive activity, probably due to local release of TGFβ, is present; such activity may negatively influence the therapeutic effectiveness of local cellular immunotherapy.
AB - Adherent lymphokine-activated killer (A-LAK) cells were obtained from peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with recurrent glioblastoma. In vitro features of A-LAK cultures were assessed in comparison to those of non-adherent lymphokine-activated killer (NA-LAK) cells of the same patients with regard to cytotoxic activity, proliferation and surface markers. Only in a minority of cases did A-LAK cells show a markedly higher cytotoxicity on K562, Daudi and allogeneic glioblastoma cells. Nevertheless, A-LAK cells proliferated significantly better than NA-LAK and contained higher percentages of CD16+, CD56+ and CD25+ cells, indicating that A-LAK cells from these patients represent a subpopulation of lymphocytes enriched for activated natural killer cells. We also investigated whether immunosuppressive factor(s) were present in the tumour bed of recurrent gliomas. To this end, samples of glioblastoma cavity fluid (GCF), which accumulates in the cavity of subtotally removed tumour, were recovered and tested for the presence of immunosuppressive activity. All GCF samples analysed were shown to inhibit in vitro proliferation and antitumour cytotoxicity of 1-week-cultured A-LAK cells in a dose-dependent manner. Such GCF activity was effectively antagonized by a transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) neutralizing antibody, indicating the involvement of TGFβ in lymphocyte inhibition. These results show that in the tumour cavity remaining after subtotal glioblastoma resection a marked immunosuppressive activity, probably due to local release of TGFβ, is present; such activity may negatively influence the therapeutic effectiveness of local cellular immunotherapy.
KW - A-LAK cells
KW - Glioblastoma
KW - In vivo immunosuppression
KW - TGFβ
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U2 - 10.1007/BF01742258
DO - 10.1007/BF01742258
M3 - Article
C2 - 8500113
AN - SCOPUS:0027230932
VL - 36
SP - 409
EP - 416
JO - Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy
JF - Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy
SN - 0340-7004
IS - 6
ER -