Frequency and correlates of severe hypoglycaemia in children and adolescents with diabetes mellitus

Frequency and correlates of severe hypoglycaemia have been retrospectively analysed in a cohort of diabetic children and adolescents with median (range) age 14.5 (3.2-25.5) years followed from the onset of the disease by the same diabetic clinic. During the years 1992-1994, 53 of the 187 patients reported 74 hypoglycaemic episodes: the average frequency of hypoglycaemia during the 3 years surveyed was 14.9 episodes 100 patients per year. Frequency of hypoglycaemia decreased significantly with age (χ² = 24.1; P <0.0001) and was independent of duration of diabetes. Glycosylated haemoglobin and insulin dose were similar in patients with and without hypoglycaemia, matched for age and duration of diabetes. One out of two hypoglycaemic episodes occurred during sleep and no explanation was available for 50% of episodes. Conclusion: In this study severe hypoglycaemia was more frequent in young children than in adolescents and was independent of metabolic control and insulin dose.