TY - JOUR
T1 - Gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors
T2 - Searching the optimal treatment strategy-A literature review
AU - Rossana, Berardi
AU - Silvia, Rinaldi
AU - Mariangela, Torniai
AU - Francesca, Morgese
AU - Stefano, Partelli
AU - Miriam, Caramanti
AU - Azzurra, Onofri
AU - Vanessa, Polenta
AU - Silvia, Pagliaretta
AU - Massimo, Falconi
AU - Stefano, Cascinu
PY - 2016/2/1
Y1 - 2016/2/1
N2 - Neuroendocrine tumors of the gastro-entero-pancreatic system (GEP-NETs) are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms, with different malignant potential and behavior. Many treatment options are available. Surgery should be considered for localized tumors and in some selected cases of metastatic disease. Somatostatin analogs, useful for symptoms control in functioning tumors, are also effective to inhibit tumor progression in specific settings. The multi-TKI sunitinib and of the mTOR-inhibitor everolimus are efficacy for metastatic pancreatic NET (P-NET) treatment. Chemotherapy is generally used in symptomatic and progressive NETs. Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) should be recommended after failure of medical therapy. For tumors confined to the liver ablative techniques should be considered. Nevertheless a shared therapeutic sequence for GEP-NET treatment still does not exist. In this review, we analyzed available data trying to identify the better treatment strategy and to suggest potential therapeutic algorithms distinguishing P-NETs from gastrointestinal NETs (GI-NETs).
AB - Neuroendocrine tumors of the gastro-entero-pancreatic system (GEP-NETs) are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms, with different malignant potential and behavior. Many treatment options are available. Surgery should be considered for localized tumors and in some selected cases of metastatic disease. Somatostatin analogs, useful for symptoms control in functioning tumors, are also effective to inhibit tumor progression in specific settings. The multi-TKI sunitinib and of the mTOR-inhibitor everolimus are efficacy for metastatic pancreatic NET (P-NET) treatment. Chemotherapy is generally used in symptomatic and progressive NETs. Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) should be recommended after failure of medical therapy. For tumors confined to the liver ablative techniques should be considered. Nevertheless a shared therapeutic sequence for GEP-NET treatment still does not exist. In this review, we analyzed available data trying to identify the better treatment strategy and to suggest potential therapeutic algorithms distinguishing P-NETs from gastrointestinal NETs (GI-NETs).
KW - Chemotherapy
KW - Everolimus
KW - Neuroendocrine tumor
KW - Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy
KW - Somatostatin analogs
KW - Sunitinib
KW - Surgery
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84957428419&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84957428419&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2015.11.003
DO - 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2015.11.003
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84957428419
VL - 98
SP - 264
EP - 274
JO - Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology
JF - Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology
SN - 1040-8428
ER -