Abstract
BACKGROUND: Linear growth was reported to be negatively affected by type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), in relation to disease duration and poor metabolic control. It is unclear whether a subtle growth failure still persists despite the optimization of therapy. Our aim was to analyse pubertal growth, adult height, and metabolic profile in a cohort of children with T1DM undergoing intensive insulin treatment by multiple daily injections or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII).
METHODS: One-hundred and four children (51 males) with prepubertal onset of T1DM were prospectively followed up to final height attainment.
RESULTS: Age at puberty onset was 11.7 ± 1.1 years in males and 10.9 ± 1.3 in females. Age at adult height attainment was 16.4 ± 1.6 years in males and 14.1 ± 1.8 years in females. Pubertal height gain was 24.4 ± 4.9 cm in males and 19.0 ± 3.8 cm in females. HbA1c, HDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels increased during puberty. HDL cholesterol levels were higher in patients treated with CSII. Height standard deviation score (SDS) at diagnosis (0.52 ± 1.04) was higher than target height SDS (0.01 ± 1.07), but declined afterwards, and both height SDS at puberty onset (0.22 ± 1.1) and adult height SDS (-0.1 ± 1.02) were not significantly different from target height SDS. BMI SDS showed a positive trend from diagnosis to puberty onset and stabilized later (-0.04 ± 1.4 at T1DM onset, 0.55 ± 2.1 at puberty onset, and 0.53 ± 2.1 at adult height attainment).
CONCLUSIONS: Although subtle abnormalities of growth still persist, the modern advancements of insulin therapy are able to normalize puberty and final height of children with T1DM.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 172-177 |
Number of pages | 6 |
Journal | Hormone Research in Paediatrics |
Volume | 89 |
Issue number | 3 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2018 |
Keywords
- Adolescent
- Body Height
- Child
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/drug therapy
- Female
- Humans
- Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use
- Insulin/therapeutic use
- Male
- Prospective Studies
- Puberty/physiology