TY - JOUR
T1 - High normal blood pressure and left ventricular hypertrophy echocardiographic findings from the PAMELA population
AU - Cuspidi, Cesare
AU - Facchetti, Rita
AU - Bombelli, Michele
AU - Tadic, Marijana
AU - Sala, Carla
AU - Grassi, Guido
AU - Mancia, Giuseppe
PY - 2019/3/1
Y1 - 2019/3/1
N2 - Cross-sectional and longitudinal data analysis of the PAMELA (Pressioni Monitorate E Loro Associazioni) population was performed to assess the association between prehypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) at entry and the risk of new-onset LVH associated to this condition in the subset of participants with normal LV mass index (LVMI). A total of untreated 1397 participants with measurable echocardiographic parameters at baseline were considered in the cross-sectional analysis. The longitudinal analysis included 880 participants without LVH at baseline and with measurable LVMI at follow-up examination performed 10 years later. At entry, after adjustment for major confounders LVH prevalence rates (LVM/body surface area) showed a significant, progressive increase from the normotensive (2.1%), to prehypertension (6.7%), and hypertension group (18.3%). The incidence of LVH increased progressively from the normotensive to prehypertension and hypertension group (9.0%, 23.2%, and 36.5%, respectively). The risk of new LVH was significantly greater in prehypertension who progressed to sustained hypertension (odds ratio, 4.21; CI, 1.64-10.83; P=0.003) than in those with persistent prehypertension (odds ratio, 1.89; CI, 0.77-5.11; P=0.21) compared with persistent normotensive participants after adjustment for age, sex, baseline LVMI, obesity, glucose, creatinine, total cholesterol and the use of antihypertensive drugs at follow-up. Further adjustments for changes in body mass index, metabolic variables, and creatinine during the follow-up did not modify the strength of association between prehypertension and new-onset LVH. Our findings offer a new piece of evidence on the association of prehypertension with LVH and support the view that preventive actions for this condition affecting a large fraction of the general population should be intensified.
AB - Cross-sectional and longitudinal data analysis of the PAMELA (Pressioni Monitorate E Loro Associazioni) population was performed to assess the association between prehypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) at entry and the risk of new-onset LVH associated to this condition in the subset of participants with normal LV mass index (LVMI). A total of untreated 1397 participants with measurable echocardiographic parameters at baseline were considered in the cross-sectional analysis. The longitudinal analysis included 880 participants without LVH at baseline and with measurable LVMI at follow-up examination performed 10 years later. At entry, after adjustment for major confounders LVH prevalence rates (LVM/body surface area) showed a significant, progressive increase from the normotensive (2.1%), to prehypertension (6.7%), and hypertension group (18.3%). The incidence of LVH increased progressively from the normotensive to prehypertension and hypertension group (9.0%, 23.2%, and 36.5%, respectively). The risk of new LVH was significantly greater in prehypertension who progressed to sustained hypertension (odds ratio, 4.21; CI, 1.64-10.83; P=0.003) than in those with persistent prehypertension (odds ratio, 1.89; CI, 0.77-5.11; P=0.21) compared with persistent normotensive participants after adjustment for age, sex, baseline LVMI, obesity, glucose, creatinine, total cholesterol and the use of antihypertensive drugs at follow-up. Further adjustments for changes in body mass index, metabolic variables, and creatinine during the follow-up did not modify the strength of association between prehypertension and new-onset LVH. Our findings offer a new piece of evidence on the association of prehypertension with LVH and support the view that preventive actions for this condition affecting a large fraction of the general population should be intensified.
KW - body mass index
KW - echocardiography
KW - hypertrophy
KW - population
KW - prehypertension
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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85061487554&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.118.12114
DO - 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.118.12114
M3 - Article
C2 - 30612493
AN - SCOPUS:85061487554
VL - 73
SP - 612
EP - 619
JO - Hypertension
JF - Hypertension
SN - 0194-911X
IS - 3
ER -