TY - JOUR
T1 - HIV-1 transmission through breast-milk
T2 - Appraisal of risk according to duration of feeding
AU - De Martino, Maurizio
AU - Tovo, Pier Angelo
AU - Tozzi, Alberto Eugenio
AU - Pezzotti, Patrizio
AU - Galli, Luisa
AU - Livadiotti, Susanna
AU - Caselli, Desirée
AU - Massironi, Emilia
AU - Ruga, Ezia
AU - Fioredda, Francesca
AU - Plebani, Anna
AU - Gabiano, Clara
AU - Zuccotti, Gian Vincenzo
PY - 1992/9
Y1 - 1992/9
N2 - Objectives: To estimate the risk of HIV-1 transmission through breast-milk in children born to infected mothers, and to determine the relationship between duration of breast-feeding and risk. Design and methods: The study population included 168 breast-fed and 793 bottle-fed children born to seropositive mothers. All subjects were enrolled and followed-up in the Italian Register for HIV Infection in Children; HIV serostatus was defined in all children. Multivariate analysis was performed using a logistic regression model. Independent variables included biological factors (duration of breast-feeding, gestational age, clinical condition of mother at delivery, mode of delivery, birth-weight and sex). Year of birth and age when HIV infection was diagnosed were also considered in the analysis attempting to control for possible selection biases. Results: Breast-feeding increased the risk of HIV-1 transmission. The estimated adjusted odds ratio for 1 day of breast- versus bottle-feeding was 1.19 (95% confidence interval, 1.10-1.28). The infection odds ratio of breast- versus bottle-feeding increased with the natural logarithm of the duration of practice. Conclusions: These results are the first to provide an appraisal of the additional risk of HIV-1 transmission associated with a seropositive mother breast-feeding her child. Biological significance of this route of transmission was supported by demonstration of a relationship between duration of breast-feeding and risk of HIV-1 transmission.
AB - Objectives: To estimate the risk of HIV-1 transmission through breast-milk in children born to infected mothers, and to determine the relationship between duration of breast-feeding and risk. Design and methods: The study population included 168 breast-fed and 793 bottle-fed children born to seropositive mothers. All subjects were enrolled and followed-up in the Italian Register for HIV Infection in Children; HIV serostatus was defined in all children. Multivariate analysis was performed using a logistic regression model. Independent variables included biological factors (duration of breast-feeding, gestational age, clinical condition of mother at delivery, mode of delivery, birth-weight and sex). Year of birth and age when HIV infection was diagnosed were also considered in the analysis attempting to control for possible selection biases. Results: Breast-feeding increased the risk of HIV-1 transmission. The estimated adjusted odds ratio for 1 day of breast- versus bottle-feeding was 1.19 (95% confidence interval, 1.10-1.28). The infection odds ratio of breast- versus bottle-feeding increased with the natural logarithm of the duration of practice. Conclusions: These results are the first to provide an appraisal of the additional risk of HIV-1 transmission associated with a seropositive mother breast-feeding her child. Biological significance of this route of transmission was supported by demonstration of a relationship between duration of breast-feeding and risk of HIV-1 transmission.
KW - Breast-feeding
KW - Perinatal HIV-1 infection
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M3 - Article
C2 - 1388912
AN - SCOPUS:0026664605
VL - 6
SP - 991
EP - 997
JO - AIDS
JF - AIDS
SN - 0269-9370
IS - 9
ER -