TY - JOUR
T1 - Human exposure to bisphenol AF and diethylhexylphthalate increases susceptibility to develop differentiated thyroid cancer in patients with thyroid nodules
AU - Marotta, Vincenzo
AU - Russo, Giacomo
AU - Gambardella, Claudio
AU - Grasso, Marica
AU - La Sala, Domenico
AU - Chiofalo, Maria Grazia
AU - D'Anna, Raffaella
AU - Puzziello, Alessandro
AU - Docimo, Giovanni
AU - Masone, Stefania
AU - Barbato, Francesco
AU - Colao, Annamaria
AU - Faggiano, Antongiulio
AU - Grumetto, Lucia
N1 - Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
PY - 2019/3
Y1 - 2019/3
N2 - Pollutants represent potential threats to the human health, being ubiquitous in the environment and exerting toxicity even at low doses. This study aims at investigating the role of fifteen multiclass organic pollutants, assumed as markers of environmental pollution, most of which exerting endocrine-disrupting activity, in thyroid cancer development. The increasing incidence of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) may be related to the rising production and environmental dissemination of pollutants. Fifty-five patients, twenty-seven with diagnosis of benign thyroid nodules and twenty-eight suffering from differentiated thyroid cancer, were enrolled and the concentration levels of seven bisphenols, two phthalates (i.e. di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and its main metabolite, mono-(2-ethyl-hexyl) phthalate) (MEHP)), two chlorobenzenes, (1,4-dichlorobenzene and 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene), and 3 phenol derivatives (2-chlorophenol, 4- nonylphenol, and triclosan) were determined in their serum by using a validated analytical method based on high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet tandem fluorescence detection. A significant relationship was found between malignancy and the detection in the serum of both bisphenol AF and DEHP. Indeed, their presence confers a more than fourteen times higher risk of developing differentiated thyroid cancer. Relationship between these two pollutants and the risk of malignancy was dose-independent and not mediated by higher thyroid stimulating hormone levels. Even if a conclusive evidence cannot still be drawn and larger prospective studies are needed, the exposure to low doses of environmental endocrine-disrupting contaminants can be considered consistent with the development of thyroid cancer.
AB - Pollutants represent potential threats to the human health, being ubiquitous in the environment and exerting toxicity even at low doses. This study aims at investigating the role of fifteen multiclass organic pollutants, assumed as markers of environmental pollution, most of which exerting endocrine-disrupting activity, in thyroid cancer development. The increasing incidence of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) may be related to the rising production and environmental dissemination of pollutants. Fifty-five patients, twenty-seven with diagnosis of benign thyroid nodules and twenty-eight suffering from differentiated thyroid cancer, were enrolled and the concentration levels of seven bisphenols, two phthalates (i.e. di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and its main metabolite, mono-(2-ethyl-hexyl) phthalate) (MEHP)), two chlorobenzenes, (1,4-dichlorobenzene and 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene), and 3 phenol derivatives (2-chlorophenol, 4- nonylphenol, and triclosan) were determined in their serum by using a validated analytical method based on high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet tandem fluorescence detection. A significant relationship was found between malignancy and the detection in the serum of both bisphenol AF and DEHP. Indeed, their presence confers a more than fourteen times higher risk of developing differentiated thyroid cancer. Relationship between these two pollutants and the risk of malignancy was dose-independent and not mediated by higher thyroid stimulating hormone levels. Even if a conclusive evidence cannot still be drawn and larger prospective studies are needed, the exposure to low doses of environmental endocrine-disrupting contaminants can be considered consistent with the development of thyroid cancer.
KW - Adult
KW - Benzhydryl Compounds/toxicity
KW - Chlorobenzenes/blood
KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
KW - Diethylhexyl Phthalate/toxicity
KW - Endocrine Disruptors/blood
KW - Environmental Pollutants/blood
KW - Female
KW - Humans
KW - Male
KW - Middle Aged
KW - Phenols/blood
KW - Phthalic Acids/blood
KW - Thyroid Neoplasms/chemically induced
KW - Thyroid Nodule/chemically induced
U2 - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.11.084
DO - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.11.084
M3 - Article
C2 - 30609493
VL - 218
SP - 885
EP - 894
JO - Chemosphere
JF - Chemosphere
SN - 0045-6535
ER -