Abstract
Introduction and Aims: Wastewater analysis is a new approach developed to estimate illicit drug (ID) consumption in large communities, such as a city. We tested the ability of this approach to detect differences in consumption in different districts of a city. Design and Methods: Consumption of cocaine, heroin, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) (cannabis active principle), amphetamine, methamphetamine and ecstasy was estimated by analysis of selected drug excretion residues in composite 24h samples of untreated urban wastewater by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Samples were collected from the inlet of the three main Milan wastewater treatment plants (WWTP), each serving a district of the city (west, center and east). In each WWTP, samples were taken daily for seven consecutive days in November 2010 and March 2011. Results: We observed significant differences of ID consumption (expressed as mg/day/1000 inhabitants) among districts: consumption of some ID was significantly higher in the eastern district (P
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 128-132 |
| Number of pages | 5 |
| Journal | Drug and Alcohol Review |
| Volume | 35 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Mar 1 2016 |
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Keywords
- Consumption
- Illicit drug
- Italy
- Tandem mass spectrometry
- Wastewater
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Medicine (miscellaneous)
- Health(social science)
Cite this
Illicit drug consumption estimated by wastewater analysis in different districts of Milan : A case study. / Castiglioni, Sara; Borsotti, Andrea; Riva, Francesco; Zuccato, Ettore.
In: Drug and Alcohol Review, Vol. 35, No. 2, 01.03.2016, p. 128-132.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Illicit drug consumption estimated by wastewater analysis in different districts of Milan
T2 - A case study
AU - Castiglioni, Sara
AU - Borsotti, Andrea
AU - Riva, Francesco
AU - Zuccato, Ettore
PY - 2016/3/1
Y1 - 2016/3/1
N2 - Introduction and Aims: Wastewater analysis is a new approach developed to estimate illicit drug (ID) consumption in large communities, such as a city. We tested the ability of this approach to detect differences in consumption in different districts of a city. Design and Methods: Consumption of cocaine, heroin, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) (cannabis active principle), amphetamine, methamphetamine and ecstasy was estimated by analysis of selected drug excretion residues in composite 24h samples of untreated urban wastewater by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Samples were collected from the inlet of the three main Milan wastewater treatment plants (WWTP), each serving a district of the city (west, center and east). In each WWTP, samples were taken daily for seven consecutive days in November 2010 and March 2011. Results: We observed significant differences of ID consumption (expressed as mg/day/1000 inhabitants) among districts: consumption of some ID was significantly higher in the eastern district (P
AB - Introduction and Aims: Wastewater analysis is a new approach developed to estimate illicit drug (ID) consumption in large communities, such as a city. We tested the ability of this approach to detect differences in consumption in different districts of a city. Design and Methods: Consumption of cocaine, heroin, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) (cannabis active principle), amphetamine, methamphetamine and ecstasy was estimated by analysis of selected drug excretion residues in composite 24h samples of untreated urban wastewater by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Samples were collected from the inlet of the three main Milan wastewater treatment plants (WWTP), each serving a district of the city (west, center and east). In each WWTP, samples were taken daily for seven consecutive days in November 2010 and March 2011. Results: We observed significant differences of ID consumption (expressed as mg/day/1000 inhabitants) among districts: consumption of some ID was significantly higher in the eastern district (P
KW - Consumption
KW - Illicit drug
KW - Italy
KW - Tandem mass spectrometry
KW - Wastewater
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84962616921&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84962616921&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/dar.12233
DO - 10.1111/dar.12233
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84962616921
VL - 35
SP - 128
EP - 132
JO - Drug and Alcohol Review
JF - Drug and Alcohol Review
SN - 0959-5236
IS - 2
ER -