Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third most frequent cause of cancer-related death. The immune-rich contexture of the HCC microenvironment makes this tumour an appealing target for immune-based therapies. Here, we discuss how the functional characteristics of the liver microenvironment can potentially be harnessed for the treatment of HCC. We will review the evidence supporting a therapeutic role for vaccines, cell-based therapies and immune-checkpoint inhibitors and discuss the potential for patient stratification in an attempt to overcome the series of failures that has characterised drug development in this disease area.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 3620-3637 |
Number of pages | 18 |
Journal | Oncogene |
Volume | 39 |
Issue number | 18 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - Apr 2020 |
Keywords
- Cancer Vaccines/immunology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/immunology
- Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy/trends
- Humans
- Immunotherapy
- Liver/immunology
- Liver Neoplasms/immunology
- Tumor Microenvironment/immunology