TY - JOUR
T1 - Impact of passive smoke and/or atopy on adenoid immunoglobulin production in children
AU - Tagliacarne, Sara Carlotta
AU - Valsecchi, Chiara
AU - Castellazzi, Anna Maria
AU - Licari, Amelia
AU - Klersy, Catherine
AU - Montagna, Lorenza
AU - Castagnoli, Riccardo
AU - Benazzo, Marco
AU - Ciprandi, Giorgio
AU - Marseglia, Gian Luigi
PY - 2015/6/1
Y1 - 2015/6/1
N2 - The adenoids are exposed to a wide number and variety of microbes, environmental pollutants, and food antigens. Atopy and passive smoke may significantly affect immune responses, mainly in children. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether passive exposure to tobacco smoke and/or atopy could affect immunoglobulin production by adenoidal lymphocytes in a cohort of children presenting with adenoid hypertrophy. A total of 277 children (151 males and 126 females; median age 5.5 years), with adenoidal hypertrophy requiring adenoidectomy and or adeno-tonsillectomy, were consecutively enrolled in the study. Adenoid mononuclear cells were in vitro stimulated with LPS or CpG. When considering both the presence of smoke exposure and atopy, we observed that the CpG-induced decrease in IgA and IgM production was significantly associated with this combination of risk factors. In the T-independent immunoglobulin production assay we found a positive association between the two risk factors and IgA and IgM production. In particular, the presence of both risk factors, showed a significant increase in IgA and IgM production after stimulation.In conclusion, this is the first study that investigated the in vitro adenoidal B cell response after different stimuli in children, also evaluating possible exposure to passive smoke and/or an atopic condition.
AB - The adenoids are exposed to a wide number and variety of microbes, environmental pollutants, and food antigens. Atopy and passive smoke may significantly affect immune responses, mainly in children. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether passive exposure to tobacco smoke and/or atopy could affect immunoglobulin production by adenoidal lymphocytes in a cohort of children presenting with adenoid hypertrophy. A total of 277 children (151 males and 126 females; median age 5.5 years), with adenoidal hypertrophy requiring adenoidectomy and or adeno-tonsillectomy, were consecutively enrolled in the study. Adenoid mononuclear cells were in vitro stimulated with LPS or CpG. When considering both the presence of smoke exposure and atopy, we observed that the CpG-induced decrease in IgA and IgM production was significantly associated with this combination of risk factors. In the T-independent immunoglobulin production assay we found a positive association between the two risk factors and IgA and IgM production. In particular, the presence of both risk factors, showed a significant increase in IgA and IgM production after stimulation.In conclusion, this is the first study that investigated the in vitro adenoidal B cell response after different stimuli in children, also evaluating possible exposure to passive smoke and/or an atopic condition.
KW - Adenoidectomy
KW - Adenoids
KW - Atopy
KW - Immunoglobulins
KW - Mucosal immunity
KW - Passive smoke
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84928879591&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84928879591&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.imlet.2015.04.002
DO - 10.1016/j.imlet.2015.04.002
M3 - Article
C2 - 25929805
AN - SCOPUS:84928879591
VL - 165
SP - 70
EP - 77
JO - Immunology Letters
JF - Immunology Letters
SN - 0165-2478
IS - 2
ER -