TY - JOUR
T1 - Increasing dosages of low-molecular-weight heparin in hospitalized patients with Covid-19
AU - Martinelli, Ida
AU - Ciavarella, Alessandro
AU - Abbattista, Maria
AU - Aliberti, Stefano
AU - De Zan, Valentina
AU - Folli, Christian
AU - Panigada, Mauro
AU - Gori, Andrea
AU - Artoni, Andrea
AU - Ierardi, Anna Maria
AU - Carrafiello, Gianpaolo
AU - Monzani, Valter
AU - Grasselli, Giacomo
AU - Blasi, Francesco
AU - Peyvandi, Flora
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported by Italian Ministry of Health—Bando Ricerca Corrente, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda—Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, Società Italiana di Medicina Interna (SIMI).
Copyright:
Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - We conducted an observational cohort study in adult patients consecutively admitted for the respiratory illness Covid-19 to our hub hospital from March 9 to April 7, 2020. The high observed rate of venous thromboembolism prompted us to increase the prophylactic doses of enoxaparin from 40 mg daily up to 1 mg/kg twice daily in patients admitted to intensive care units (ICU), 0.7 mg/kg twice daily in high-intensity of care wards and 1 mg/kg daily in low-intensity of care wards. Patients on high enoxaparin doses were compared to those who received prophylaxis with the standard dosage. Efficacy endpoints were mortality, clinical deterioration, and the occurrence of venous thromboembolism, safety endpoint was the occurrence of major bleeding. Of 278 patients with Covid-19, 127 received prophylaxis with high enoxaparin doses and 151 with standard dosage. At 21 days, the incidence rate of death and clinical deterioration were lower in patients on higher doses than in those on the standard dosage (hazard ratio 0.39, 95% confidence interval 0.23–0.62), and the incidence of venous thromboembolism was also lower (hazard ratio 0.52, 95% confidence interval 0.26–1.05). Major bleeding occurred in four of 127 patients (3.1%) on the high enoxaparin dosage. In conclusion, in the cohort of patients with Covid-19 treated with high enoxaparin dosages we observed a 60% reduction of mortality and clinical deterioration and a 50% reduction of venous thromboembolism compared to standard dosage prophylaxis. However, 3% of patients on high enoxaparin dosages had non-fatal major bleeding.
AB - We conducted an observational cohort study in adult patients consecutively admitted for the respiratory illness Covid-19 to our hub hospital from March 9 to April 7, 2020. The high observed rate of venous thromboembolism prompted us to increase the prophylactic doses of enoxaparin from 40 mg daily up to 1 mg/kg twice daily in patients admitted to intensive care units (ICU), 0.7 mg/kg twice daily in high-intensity of care wards and 1 mg/kg daily in low-intensity of care wards. Patients on high enoxaparin doses were compared to those who received prophylaxis with the standard dosage. Efficacy endpoints were mortality, clinical deterioration, and the occurrence of venous thromboembolism, safety endpoint was the occurrence of major bleeding. Of 278 patients with Covid-19, 127 received prophylaxis with high enoxaparin doses and 151 with standard dosage. At 21 days, the incidence rate of death and clinical deterioration were lower in patients on higher doses than in those on the standard dosage (hazard ratio 0.39, 95% confidence interval 0.23–0.62), and the incidence of venous thromboembolism was also lower (hazard ratio 0.52, 95% confidence interval 0.26–1.05). Major bleeding occurred in four of 127 patients (3.1%) on the high enoxaparin dosage. In conclusion, in the cohort of patients with Covid-19 treated with high enoxaparin dosages we observed a 60% reduction of mortality and clinical deterioration and a 50% reduction of venous thromboembolism compared to standard dosage prophylaxis. However, 3% of patients on high enoxaparin dosages had non-fatal major bleeding.
KW - Anticoagulants
KW - Coronavirus
KW - Enoxaparin
KW - Mortality
KW - Venous thromboembolism
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U2 - 10.1007/s11739-020-02585-9
DO - 10.1007/s11739-020-02585-9
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85098550961
VL - 16
SP - 1223
EP - 1229
JO - Internal and Emergency Medicine
JF - Internal and Emergency Medicine
SN - 1828-0447
IS - 5
ER -