TY - JOUR
T1 - Innate and adaptive immune response in stroke
T2 - Focus on epigenetic regulation
AU - Picascia, Antonietta
AU - Grimaldi, Vincenzo
AU - Iannone, Carmela
AU - Soricelli, Andrea
AU - Napoli, Claudio
PY - 2015/12/15
Y1 - 2015/12/15
N2 - Inflammation and immune response play a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke giving their contribution to tissue damage and repair. Emerging evidence supports the involvement of epigenetic mechanisms such as methylation, histone modification and miRNAs in the pathogenesis of stroke.Interestingly, epigenetics can influence the molecular events involved in ischemic injury by controlling the switch from pro- to anti-inflammatory response, however, this is still a field to be fully explored. The knowledge of epigenetic processes could to allow for the discovery of more sensitive and specific biomarkers for risk, onset, and progression of disease as well as further novel tools to be used in both primary prevention and therapy of stroke. Indeed, studies performed in vitro and in small animal models seem to suggest a neuroprotective role of HDAC inhibitors (e.g. valproic acid) and antagomir (e.g. anti-miR-181a) in ischemic condition by modulation of both immune and inflammatory pathways. Thus, the clinical implications of altered epigenetic mechanisms for the prevention of stroke are very promising but clinical prospective studies and translational approaches are still warranted.
AB - Inflammation and immune response play a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke giving their contribution to tissue damage and repair. Emerging evidence supports the involvement of epigenetic mechanisms such as methylation, histone modification and miRNAs in the pathogenesis of stroke.Interestingly, epigenetics can influence the molecular events involved in ischemic injury by controlling the switch from pro- to anti-inflammatory response, however, this is still a field to be fully explored. The knowledge of epigenetic processes could to allow for the discovery of more sensitive and specific biomarkers for risk, onset, and progression of disease as well as further novel tools to be used in both primary prevention and therapy of stroke. Indeed, studies performed in vitro and in small animal models seem to suggest a neuroprotective role of HDAC inhibitors (e.g. valproic acid) and antagomir (e.g. anti-miR-181a) in ischemic condition by modulation of both immune and inflammatory pathways. Thus, the clinical implications of altered epigenetic mechanisms for the prevention of stroke are very promising but clinical prospective studies and translational approaches are still warranted.
KW - Antagomir
KW - Epigenetics
KW - HDACi
KW - Innate and adaptive response
KW - Stroke
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2015.10.013
DO - 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2015.10.013
M3 - Article
C2 - 26616880
AN - SCOPUS:84947933321
VL - 289
SP - 111
EP - 120
JO - Journal of Neuroimmunology
JF - Journal of Neuroimmunology
SN - 0165-5728
ER -