Abstract
An altered balance between effector and regulatory factors is supposed to sustain the tissue-damaging immune response in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We have recently shown that in IBD, there is a defective synthesis of the counter-regulatory cytokine, interleukin (IL)-25. In this study we investigated factors that control IL-25 production in the gut. IBD patients produced less IL-25 when compared with normal controls. Stimulation of normal intestinal explants with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), but not interferon-γ (IFN-γ) or IL-21, reduced IL-25 synthesis. Consistently, IL-25 production was enhanced by anti-TNF-α both in vitro and in vivo. Upregulation of IL-25 was also seen in normal colonic explants stimulated with transforming growth factor-Β1 (TGF-Β1). As in IBD, TGF-Β1 activity is abrogated by Smad7, we next assessed whether inhibition of Smad7 with an antisense oligonucleotide enhanced IL-25 expression. Knockdown of Smad7 was accompanied by an increase in IL-25 production. Data show that IL-25 production is differently regulated by TNF-α and TGF-Β1 in the human gut.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 239-244 |
Number of pages | 6 |
Journal | Mucosal Immunology |
Volume | 4 |
Issue number | 2 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - Mar 2011 |
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Immunology
- Immunology and Allergy