TY - JOUR
T1 - Intrinsic and Extrinsic Modulators of the Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition
T2 - Driving the Fate of Tumor Microenvironment
AU - D'Angelo, Edoardo
AU - Lindoso, Rafael Soares
AU - Sensi, Francesca
AU - Pucciarelli, Salvatore
AU - Bussolati, Benedetta
AU - Agostini, Marco
AU - Collino, Federica
PY - 2020/7/24
Y1 - 2020/7/24
N2 - The epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an evolutionarily conserved process. In cancer, EMT can activate biochemical changes in tumor cells that enable the destruction of the cellular polarity, leading to the acquisition of invasive capabilities. EMT regulation can be triggered by intrinsic and extrinsic signaling, allowing the tumor to adapt to the microenvironment demand in the different stages of tumor progression. In concomitance, tumor cells undergoing EMT actively interact with the surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME) constituted by cell components and extracellular matrix as well as cell secretome elements. As a result, the TME is in turn modulated by the EMT process toward an aggressive behavior. The current review presents the intrinsic and extrinsic modulators of EMT and their relationship with the TME, focusing on the non-cell-derived components, such as secreted metabolites, extracellular matrix, as well as extracellular vesicles. Moreover, we explore how these modulators can be suitable targets for anticancer therapy and personalized medicine.
AB - The epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an evolutionarily conserved process. In cancer, EMT can activate biochemical changes in tumor cells that enable the destruction of the cellular polarity, leading to the acquisition of invasive capabilities. EMT regulation can be triggered by intrinsic and extrinsic signaling, allowing the tumor to adapt to the microenvironment demand in the different stages of tumor progression. In concomitance, tumor cells undergoing EMT actively interact with the surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME) constituted by cell components and extracellular matrix as well as cell secretome elements. As a result, the TME is in turn modulated by the EMT process toward an aggressive behavior. The current review presents the intrinsic and extrinsic modulators of EMT and their relationship with the TME, focusing on the non-cell-derived components, such as secreted metabolites, extracellular matrix, as well as extracellular vesicles. Moreover, we explore how these modulators can be suitable targets for anticancer therapy and personalized medicine.
KW - epithelial to mesenchymal transition
KW - extracellular matrix
KW - extracellular vesicles
KW - personalized medicine
KW - tumor microenvironment
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85089237950&partnerID=8YFLogxK
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U2 - 10.3389/fonc.2020.01122
DO - 10.3389/fonc.2020.01122
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85089237950
VL - 10
JO - Frontiers in Oncology
JF - Frontiers in Oncology
SN - 2234-943X
M1 - 1122
ER -