TY - JOUR
T1 - Liver metastases
T2 - Contrast-enhanced ultrasound compared with computed tomography and magnetic resonance
AU - Cantisani, Vito
AU - Grazhdani, Hektor
AU - Fioravanti, Cristina
AU - Rosignuolo, Maria
AU - Calliada, Fabrizio
AU - Messineo, Daniela
AU - Bernieri, Maria Giulia
AU - Redler, Adriano
AU - Catalano, Carlo
AU - D'Ambrosio, Ferdinando
PY - 2014/8/7
Y1 - 2014/8/7
N2 - The development of ultrasound contrast agents with excellent tolerance and safety profiles has notably improved liver evaluation with ultrasound (US) for several applications, especially for the detection of metastases. In particular, contrast enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) allows the display of the parenchymal microvasculature, enabling the study and visualization of the enhancement patterns of liver lesions in real time and in a continuous manner in all vascular phases, which is similar to contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Clinical studies have reported that the use of a contrast agent enables the visualization of more metastases with significantly improved sensitivity and specificity compared to baseline-US. Furthermore, studies have shown that CEUS yields sensitivities comparable to CT. In this review, we describe the state of the art of CEUS for detecting colorectal liver metastases, the imaging features, the literature reports of metastases in CEUS as well as its technique, its clinical role and its potential applications. Additionally, the updated international consensus panel guidelines are reported in this review with the inherent limitations of this technique and best practice experiences.
AB - The development of ultrasound contrast agents with excellent tolerance and safety profiles has notably improved liver evaluation with ultrasound (US) for several applications, especially for the detection of metastases. In particular, contrast enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) allows the display of the parenchymal microvasculature, enabling the study and visualization of the enhancement patterns of liver lesions in real time and in a continuous manner in all vascular phases, which is similar to contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Clinical studies have reported that the use of a contrast agent enables the visualization of more metastases with significantly improved sensitivity and specificity compared to baseline-US. Furthermore, studies have shown that CEUS yields sensitivities comparable to CT. In this review, we describe the state of the art of CEUS for detecting colorectal liver metastases, the imaging features, the literature reports of metastases in CEUS as well as its technique, its clinical role and its potential applications. Additionally, the updated international consensus panel guidelines are reported in this review with the inherent limitations of this technique and best practice experiences.
KW - <sup>18</sup>F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography
KW - Colorectal cancer
KW - Colorectal liver metastases
KW - Computed tomography
KW - Contrast enhanced ultrasound
KW - Intraoperative ultrasound
KW - Magnetic resonance imaging
KW - Ultrasound
KW - Ultrasound contrast agent
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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84905818048&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3748/wjg.v20.i29.9998
DO - 10.3748/wjg.v20.i29.9998
M3 - Article
C2 - 25110428
AN - SCOPUS:84905818048
SP - 9998
EP - 10007
JO - World Journal of Gastroenterology
JF - World Journal of Gastroenterology
SN - 1007-9327
IS - 29
ER -