TY - JOUR
T1 - Longitudinal prognostic value of serum "free" copper in patients with Alzheimer disease
AU - Squitti, R.
AU - Bressi, F.
AU - Pasqualetti, P.
AU - Bonomini, C.
AU - Ghidoni, R.
AU - Binetti, G.
AU - Cassetta, E.
AU - Moffa, F.
AU - Ventriglia, M.
AU - Vernieri, F.
AU - Rossini, P. M.
PY - 2009/1/6
Y1 - 2009/1/6
N2 - Background:: Serum copper not bound to ceruloplasmin ("free") appears slightly elevated in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). We explored whether a deregulation of the free copper pool can predict AD clinical worsening. METHODS:: We assessed levels of copper, iron, zinc, transferrin, ceruloplasmin, peroxides, total antioxidant capacity, free copper, and apolipoprotein E genotype in 81 patients with mild or moderate AD, mean age 74.4, SD = 7.4 years, clinically followed up after 1 year. The association among biologic variables under study and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) (primary outcome), activities of daily living (ADL), and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) (secondary outcomes) performed at study entry and after 1 year were analyzed by multiple regression. RESULTS:: Free copper predicted the annual change in MMSE, adjusted for the baseline MMSE by means of a linear regression model: it raised the explained variance from 2.4% (with only sex, age, and education) to 8.5% (p = 0.026). When the annual change in MMSE was divided into
AB - Background:: Serum copper not bound to ceruloplasmin ("free") appears slightly elevated in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). We explored whether a deregulation of the free copper pool can predict AD clinical worsening. METHODS:: We assessed levels of copper, iron, zinc, transferrin, ceruloplasmin, peroxides, total antioxidant capacity, free copper, and apolipoprotein E genotype in 81 patients with mild or moderate AD, mean age 74.4, SD = 7.4 years, clinically followed up after 1 year. The association among biologic variables under study and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) (primary outcome), activities of daily living (ADL), and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) (secondary outcomes) performed at study entry and after 1 year were analyzed by multiple regression. RESULTS:: Free copper predicted the annual change in MMSE, adjusted for the baseline MMSE by means of a linear regression model: it raised the explained variance from 2.4% (with only sex, age, and education) to 8.5% (p = 0.026). When the annual change in MMSE was divided into
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U2 - 10.1212/01.wnl.0000338568.28960.3f
DO - 10.1212/01.wnl.0000338568.28960.3f
M3 - Article
C2 - 19122030
AN - SCOPUS:63849241137
VL - 72
SP - 50
EP - 55
JO - Neurology
JF - Neurology
SN - 0028-3878
IS - 1
ER -