TY - JOUR
T1 - LPS-challenged macrophages release microvesicles coated with histones
AU - Nair, RR
AU - Mazza, D
AU - Brambilla, Francesca
AU - Gorzanelli, A
AU - Agresti, A
AU - Bianchi, ME
PY - 2018
Y1 - 2018
N2 - Histones are the protein component of nucleosomes, which are the basic packing unit of chromatin. However, histones are also found in the blood, both as components of nucleosomes leaked out from dead cells, or expelled from neutrophils in the active process of NET formation. Circulating histones contribute to inflammation, and to lethality in sepsis, a hyperinflammatory condition, by interacting with specific receptors, notably toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Here, we show that histones are also actively released by LPS-activated macrophages in association with extracellular vesicles. Vesicle-associated histones can be recovered from the plasma of mice with sepsis. Actively released histones are on the outer surface of vesicles and can interact with TLR4. Thus, activated macrophages release histones without dying, at the same time, making their DNA more accessible and communicating to other cells that infection is present. © 2018 Nair, Mazza, Brambilla, Gorzanelli, Agresti and Bianchi.
AB - Histones are the protein component of nucleosomes, which are the basic packing unit of chromatin. However, histones are also found in the blood, both as components of nucleosomes leaked out from dead cells, or expelled from neutrophils in the active process of NET formation. Circulating histones contribute to inflammation, and to lethality in sepsis, a hyperinflammatory condition, by interacting with specific receptors, notably toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Here, we show that histones are also actively released by LPS-activated macrophages in association with extracellular vesicles. Vesicle-associated histones can be recovered from the plasma of mice with sepsis. Actively released histones are on the outer surface of vesicles and can interact with TLR4. Thus, activated macrophages release histones without dying, at the same time, making their DNA more accessible and communicating to other cells that infection is present. © 2018 Nair, Mazza, Brambilla, Gorzanelli, Agresti and Bianchi.
U2 - 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01463
DO - 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01463
M3 - Article
VL - 9
JO - Frontiers in Immunology
JF - Frontiers in Immunology
SN - 1664-3224
M1 - 1463
ER -