Macrophage Activation and Polarization: Nomenclature and Experimental Guidelines

Peter J. Murray; Judith E. Allen; Subhra K. Biswas; Edward A. Fisher; Derek W. Gilroy; Sergij Goerdt; Siamon Gordon; John A. Hamilton; Lionel B. Ivashkiv; Toby Lawrence; Massimo Locati; Alberto Mantovani; Fernando O. Martinez; Jean Louis Mege; David M. Mosser; Gioacchino Natoli; Jeroen P. Saeij; Joachim L. Schultze; KariAnn Shirey; Antonio Sica; Jill Suttles; Irina Udalova; Jo A. vanGinderachter; Stefanie N. Vogel; Thomas A. Wynn

doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2014.06.008

Macrophage Activation and Polarization: Nomenclature and Experimental Guidelines

Peter J. Murray, Judith E. Allen, Subhra K. Biswas, Edward A. Fisher, Derek W. Gilroy, Sergij Goerdt, Siamon Gordon, John A. Hamilton, Lionel B. Ivashkiv, Toby Lawrence, Massimo Locati, Alberto Mantovani, Fernando O. Martinez, Jean Louis Mege, David M. Mosser, Gioacchino Natoli, Jeroen P. Saeij, Joachim L. Schultze, KariAnn Shirey, Antonio SicaJill Suttles, Irina Udalova, Jo A. vanGinderachter, Stefanie N. Vogel, Thomas A. Wynn

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Description of macrophage activation is currently contentious and confusing. Like the biblical Tower of Babel, macrophage activation encompasses a panoply of descriptors used in different ways. The lack of consensus on how to define macrophage activation in experiments invitro and invivo impedes progress in multiple ways, including the fact that many researchers still consider there to be only two types of activated macrophages, often termed M1 and M2. Here, we describe a set of standards encompassing three principles-the source of macrophages, definition of the activators, and a consensus collection of markers to describe macrophage activation-with the goal of unifying experimental standards for diverse experimental scenarios. Collectively, we propose a common framework for macrophage-activation nomenclature. The description of macrophage activation status is contentious and confusing. Murray etal. propose a framework for macrophage-activation nomenclature.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	14-20
Number of pages	7
Journal	Immunity
Volume	41
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2014.06.008
Publication status	Published - Jul 17 2014

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Immunology and Allergy
Infectious Diseases
Immunology

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Murray, P. J., Allen, J. E., Biswas, S. K., Fisher, E. A., Gilroy, D. W., Goerdt, S., Gordon, S., Hamilton, J. A., Ivashkiv, L. B., Lawrence, T., Locati, M., Mantovani, A., Martinez, F. O., Mege, J. L., Mosser, D. M., Natoli, G., Saeij, J. P., Schultze, J. L., Shirey, K., ... Wynn, T. A. (2014). Macrophage Activation and Polarization: Nomenclature and Experimental Guidelines. Immunity, 41(1), 14-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2014.06.008

Murray, PJ, Allen, JE, Biswas, SK, Fisher, EA, Gilroy, DW, Goerdt, S, Gordon, S, Hamilton, JA, Ivashkiv, LB, Lawrence, T, Locati, M , Mantovani, A, Martinez, FO, Mege, JL, Mosser, DM, Natoli, G, Saeij, JP, Schultze, JL, Shirey, K, Sica, A, Suttles, J, Udalova, I, vanGinderachter, JA, Vogel, SN & Wynn, TA 2014, 'Macrophage Activation and Polarization: Nomenclature and Experimental Guidelines', Immunity, vol. 41, no. 1, pp. 14-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2014.06.008

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abstract = "Description of macrophage activation is currently contentious and confusing. Like the biblical Tower of Babel, macrophage activation encompasses a panoply of descriptors used in different ways. The lack of consensus on how to define macrophage activation in experiments invitro and invivo impedes progress in multiple ways, including the fact that many researchers still consider there to be only two types of activated macrophages, often termed M1 and M2. Here, we describe a set of standards encompassing three principles-the source of macrophages, definition of the activators, and a consensus collection of markers to describe macrophage activation-with the goal of unifying experimental standards for diverse experimental scenarios. Collectively, we propose a common framework for macrophage-activation nomenclature. The description of macrophage activation status is contentious and confusing. Murray etal. propose a framework for macrophage-activation nomenclature.",

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AU - Mosser, David M.

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AU - Saeij, Jeroen P.

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AU - Shirey, KariAnn

AU - Sica, Antonio

AU - Suttles, Jill

AU - Udalova, Irina

AU - vanGinderachter, Jo A.

AU - Vogel, Stefanie N.

AU - Wynn, Thomas A.

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Macrophage Activation and Polarization: Nomenclature and Experimental Guidelines

Abstract

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